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Science > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What are cell?

A

Cells are the basic building blocks of all animal and plant cell.

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2
Q

What is inside of cell?

A

Inside of cell are various structures that are specialiased to carry out a particuler function.

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3
Q

Cell compound in animal and plant cell?

A

1.cell membrane
2.Nuclues
3.cytoplasm
4.mitochondria

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4
Q

What plant cell contain but not found in animal?

A

1.cell wall
2.vacuole
3.cholroplast

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5
Q

What is cell membrane?

A

This surrounds the cell and allows nutrients to enter and waste to leave it for eg, glucose, mineral, ions go into cell but urea, hormones, out of cell.

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6
Q

what is nucleus?

A

The nucleus control all the activities of the cell and is surrounded by the nuclear membrane.

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7
Q

What is cytoplasm?

A

This is like a liquid gel substance in which chemical reaction needed to take place.

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8
Q

what is mitochondira?

A

These are the power house of the cell. They are structure where respiration take place.

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9
Q

What is cell wall?

A

This is an outer structure that surrounds the cytoplasm of plant cells that contians sap.

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10
Q

What is chloroplast?

A

Chloroplast are green because it contain the green substance chlorophll.

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11
Q

How big are cell?

A

Cells can very greatly in size. You need a microscope to see most human cells.

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12
Q

Which cell is smallest in human body?

A

Red blood cell is a smallest cell in human body and thy are 0.008 mm in diameter.

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13
Q

What are prokaryotes cells?

A

Prokaryotes cells are bacterial cell.

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14
Q

What bacterial cell contian?

A

1.cell wall
2.cytoplasm
3.cell wall
4.a single loop of DNA
5.plasmid

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15
Q

In which cell eukaryotic contian?

A

It contian in plant cell, animal cell.

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16
Q

In which cell prokaryotic contian?

A

It contian in Bacterial cell.

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17
Q

In which cell Nucleus contian?

A

It contian in plant cell, animal cell.

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18
Q

In which cell cell wall contian?

A

It contian in palnt cell, bactril cell.

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19
Q

In which cell cell membence contian?

A

It contian in palnt cell, bactril cell, animal cell.

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20
Q

In which cell cytoplasm contian?

A

It contian in palnt cell, bactril cell, animal cell.

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21
Q

In which cell plasmid contian?

A

It contian in bactril cell.

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22
Q

In which cell chlroplast contian?

A

It contian in palnt cell.

23
Q

In which cell flagellum contian?

A

It contian in bactril cell.

24
Q

In which cell vacule contian?

A

It contian in palnt cell.

25
Q

In which cell slime capsule contian?

A

It contian in bactril cell .

26
Q

How long is an animal cell?

A

They are average around 10-30 um long.

27
Q

What nucleus contain?

A

It contain the genes on the chromosome to make new cells or organisms cells.

28
Q

How long is nucleus?

A

The average diameter of nucleus is around 10um.

29
Q

How long is mitochondria?

A

They are very small in length 1-2um and only 0.2-0.7um in diameter.

30
Q

What is ribosome?

A

Where protein synthesis takes place making all the proteins needed in the cell.

31
Q

Why plant and animal are different?

A

Plant are very different organism from animals. They make their own food by photosynthesis. They do not move their whole bodies about from one to another.

32
Q

How long is plant cell?

A

Plant cell are 10-100um in lenght.

33
Q

What is algae?

A

Algae are simple aquatic organisms. They also make their own food by photosynthesis and have many similar features to plant cell.

34
Q

What is cell wall made from?

A

Cell wall made from cellulose that strengthen the cell given it support.

35
Q

Where can we found chloroplast?

A

We can chloroplast all the green part of a plant.

36
Q

How does chlorophyll help plant?

A

Chlorophyll absorbs light so the plant can make food from photosynthesis.

37
Q

How long is chloroplast?

A

Chloroplast is around 3-5um long.

38
Q

Why doesn’t root cell have chloroplast?

A

Root cell do not have chloroplast because they are underground and do not photosynthesise.

39
Q

What is permanent vacuole?

A

Permanent vacuole is a space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap.

40
Q

Why permanent vacuole is important?

A

This is important for keeping the cells rigid to support plant.

41
Q

When did microscope got invented?

A

Microscope got invented in 1600.

42
Q

How many tips is for microscope?

A

There are two type of microscope.
1.Optical microscope.
2.Electric microscope.

43
Q

Why did microscope make?

A

To see the cell.

44
Q

What does microscope contain?

A

1.Eyepiece
2.Coarse focus
3.fine focus
4.Arm
5.Stage
6.Objective lance
7.Stage clip
8.Condeser
9.Miror

45
Q

What is magnification?

A

The amount that an image of something is scaled up when viewed through a microscope.

46
Q

How to calculate magnification?

A

The compound microscope uses two lenses to magnify the specimen-the eyepieces and an object lens.

47
Q

What is formula to find magnification?

A

Size of image/ Real size of object x Magnification.

48
Q

What is best unit to measure cell?

A

The best unit to measure most cells is the micrometre, symbol um.

49
Q

How to use a microscope?

A

1.Put a small drop of water on the microscope slide.
2.Gently swab the inside of your mouth with a clean cotton bud.
3.Gently rub the cotton bud in the drop of water. You will be able to see the cells with the naked eye.
4.Put a small drop of water on the microscope slide.
5.Peel some onion skin from inside one of the leaves in an onion bulb.
6.Use forceps to transfer to the drop of water. Make sure that the onion skin is flat, and there are no trapped air bubbles. Stain cells with iodine.
7.Put a smaller drop of glycerol on the microscope slide. Glycerol has a very similar refractive index to hair, so you will be able to see the layers in the hair with the microscope.
8.Cut a small piece of the hair or fur.
9.Use forceps to transfer to a drop of glycerol.
10.Place a small square or circle of thin glass called a coverslip over the specimen.
11.Put a drop of the stain on the slide, next to the coverslip.
12.Draw the stain under the coverslip by placing a piece of filter paper next to it.

50
Q

What are the risk if we did done experiment popularly?

A

1.Care must be taken when looking down the microscope if the illumination is too bright.
2.Care when using microscope.
3.Care when handling coverslips, microscope slides and mounted needles.

51
Q

How to investigate cells with a light microscope?

A

1.Rotate the objective lenses so that the low power, eg x10, is in line with the stage.
2.Turn the coarse focus so that the stage is as close to the objective lens as possible. you should not look through the microscope to do this.
3.Place the microscope slide- either one you have prepared, or a permanent slide- on the stage. Line it up so that the specimen- if you can see it- is in the centre of the stage, where the light passes through.
4.Focus the slide towards you by turning the coarse focus adjustment.
5.Draw a law power image or record a digital image of what you see. Then, rotate the objectives so that high the high power objective, eg x40, is in the line with the stage.
6.Bring the slide back into focus using the fine focus adjustment. If you are not succeed, go back, go back to low power and re-focus, then try again.

52
Q

What is limits of light microscope?

A

The resolution of a light microscope is around 0.2um, or 200nm.

53
Q

How many type of electron microscope?

A

There are two type.
1.The scanning electrons.(SEM)
2.The transmission electron microscope.(TEM)

Science (21 decks)

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