Cells

Question 1

All cells have:

Answer 1

proteins
lipids
carbohydrates
plasma membrane

Question 2

flagella

Answer 2

long filaments that rotate to propel cell

Question 3

fimbriae

Answer 3

needle like projections that promote attachment to other cells or surfaces

Question 4

Endosymbiosis theory

Answer 4

mitochondria and chloroplast were once free-living bacteria engulfed by ancestor of modern eukaryotes but were not destroyed instead mutually beneficial relationship evolved

Because both:
Mitochondria have their own mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
Grow and divide independently of cell division
Manufacture their own ribosomes

Question 5

Unique plant structures

Answer 5

central vacuole
chloroplast
cell wall

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

large, highly organized membrane bound compartment

stores decodes and processes DNA

Question 7

Nucleolus

Answer 7

where ribosomal RNA is synthesized and ribosome subunits are assembled

Question 8

nuclear envelope

Answer 8

double membrane surrounding and protecting nucleus

fibrous proteins

Question 9

ribosomes

Answer 9

manufacture proteins

Question 10

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Answer 10

enclosed factory continuous with the nuclear envelope

Question 11

Rough (RER)

Answer 11

studded with ribosomes
synthesizes, folds, processes proteins

Question 12

Smooth (SER)

Answer 12

contains enzymes to catalyze reactions involving lipids
synthesize lipids
poison detoxification
calcium ion storage

Question 13

Golgi apparatus

Answer 13

where proteins go after ER
processes, sorts, and ships RER proteins

Cis side receives
Trans side ships

protein modification and sorting

Question 14

Lysosomes

Answer 14

recycling center
enzymes
macromolecule digestion
autophagy

Question 15

Peroxisome

Answer 15

center of reduction oxidation reactions

Question 16

Mitochondria

Answer 16

supplies ATP

Question 17

Chloroplasts

Answer 17

photosynthesis
3 membranes

Question 18

prokaryotic only structure

Answer 18

nucleoid

Question 19

eukaryotic only structures

Answer 19

nucleolus, lysosomes, mitochondria
membrane enclosed organelles
nucleus

Question 20

Pulse

Answer 20

cells are exposed to a high concentration of radioactive labeled amino acid to tag proteins being synthesized

Question 21

Chase

Answer 21

radioactive amino acids washed away and unlabeled amino acids are added then their path examined

Question 22

pulse chase experiment

Answer 22

tracks movement of proteins through systems

Question 23

nucleoid region

Answer 23

where prokaryotic cells put DNA

Question 24

unique animal cell structure

Answer 24

centrioles

Question 25

both plant and animal cells have

Answer 25

mitochondria, golgi, membrane, nucleus, cytoskeleton, er

Question 26

plasmids

Answer 26

in prokaryotes circular super coiled DNA molecules