cells

Question 1

Cytoplasm

Answer 1

Jelly-like goo where cell processes take place in all organisms - inside cell membrane but outside nuclear membrane

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Location in non-prokaryotic cells where DNA is kept. surrounded by nuclear membrane

Question 3

Nuclear Envelope (Membrane)

Answer 3

Surrounds nucleus and controls what goes in/out of the nucleus in non-prokaryotic cells

Question 4

chromatin/chromosome

Answer 4

Threadlike structure in all cell nuclei that contains genetic information.

Question 5

Nucleolus

Answer 5

Contained in the nucleus—makes ribosomes in non-prokaryotic cells

Question 6

ribosomes

Answer 6

in the cytoplasm—makes proteins in all cells

Question 7

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Answer 7

in the cytoplasm—specific part of the ER with ribosomes attached that makes proteins in non-prokaryotic cells

Question 8

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Answer 8

in the cytoplasm—makes lipids and detoxes the cell, does not have ribosomes attached (in non-prokaryotic cells

Question 9

Golgi Bodies (Apparatus)

Answer 9

Sorts & packages proteins for storage/transport out of non-prokaryotic cells.

Question 10

lysosome

Answer 10

in the cytoplasm—contains enzymes that breakdown other molecules. used for clean-up in non-prokaryotic cells

Question 11

vacuole

Answer 11

in the cytoplasm—stores water, salts, proteins, carbohydrates in non-prokaryotic cells

Question 12

mitochondria

Answer 12

in the cytoplasm—releases the chemical energy stored in food. powerhouse of eukaryotic cells!

Question 13

chloroplast

Answer 13

in the cytoplasm—captures and stores energy from sunlight through photosynthesis in eukaryotic plants

Question 14

centriole

Answer 14

Helps organize chromosomes during cell division in eukaryotic animals. near the nucleus

Question 15

cell membrane

Answer 15

surrounds the cytoplasm, controls what goes in/out of the cell; provides some protection and support, made of lipids

Question 16

cell wall

Answer 16

provides support and protection for non-eukaryotic cells of plants. surrounds the cell membrane and is made of cellulose

Question 17

flagella

Answer 17

long, whip-like tail that allows some eukaryotic animal cells and some prokaryotic cells to move—attached to cell membrane

Question 18

cilia

Answer 18

short, hair-like projections used for feeding and movement—attached to cell membrane in some eukaryotic animal cells

Question 19

what is the cell membrane made of

Answer 19

lipids and proteins—it’s a lipid bilayer because it has two layers of fat

Question 20

diffusion

Answer 20

net movement of anything from one place to another, from a high concentration area to a low concentration area (does not require energy)

Question 21

osmosis

Answer 21

water moving from lower concentration areas to high concentration areas through a semi-permeable membrane

Question 22

isotonic

Answer 22

equal amounts of solute in the cell and in the solution, so water moves into and out of the cell at the same time

Question 23

hypertonic

Answer 23

a higher amount of solute in the solution than in the cell, so water moves out of the cell

Question 24

hypotonic

Answer 24

a higher amount of solute in the cell than in the solution, so water moves into the cell

Question 25

active transport

Answer 25

moving molecules across a cell membrane from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. requires energy to go against electrochemical gradient