Cells

Question 1

3 Basic parts of Eukaryotic cell

Answer 1

1. Nucleus
   2.Cytoplasm
   3.Cell membrane

Question 2

Components of a cell membrane

Answer 2

1.Phospholipids
2.Proteins
3.Carbogydrates
4.Cholesterol

Question 3

-1 double layer
-2 amphiphilic
-Lipids that are present in the plasma membrane
-Made up of fatty acid building blocks

Answer 3

Phospholipids

Question 4

Peripheral and integral
- a large molecule made from chains of amino acids, which are the subunits of protein molecules.

Answer 4

Proteins

Question 5

The HEAD of the phospholipids is?

Answer 5

Hydrophilic

Question 6

Hydrophilic means?

Answer 6

Water loving

Question 7

The TAIL of phospholipids is?

Answer 7

Hydrophobic

Question 8

Hydrophobic means?

Answer 8

Water fear

Question 9

Function of Membrane Proteins (6)

Answer 9

1.Intercellular Joinings
2.Enzymatic activity
3. Transport (active/Passive)
4.Cell-Cell recognition
5.Anchorage / attachment
6.Signal Transduction

Question 10

third major component of plasma membranes. They are always found on the exterior surface of cells and are bound either to proteins (forming glycoproteins) or to lipids (forming glycolipids).

Answer 10

Carbohydrates

Question 11

help stabilize the membrane.

Answer 11

Cholesterol

Question 12

Why is it called a Fluid Mosaic Model

Answer 12

because the cell membrane is made of different parts working together, like a mosaic is made of many tiles.

Question 13

-Doubled layered membrane
-has tiny holes and nuclear lamina
-Disintegrates during cell division

Answer 13

Nuclear envelope

Question 14

-Mass of DNA and its associated proteins
-Chromatin fibers takes on different forms inside the nucleus

Answer 14

Chromatin or Chromosomes

Question 15

2 Categories of Chromatin

Answer 15

1.Euchromatin
2.Heterochromatin

Question 16

small structure of sex chromatin found on the edge of the nucleus

Answer 16

Barr Body

Question 17

Positive barr body indicates?

Answer 17

Female Sex

Question 18

Negative barr body indicates?

Answer 18

Male Sex

Question 19

a membrane-less organelle within the nucleus that manufactures ribosomes

Answer 19

Nucleolus

Question 20

Network of flattened sacs and branching tubules

Answer 20

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 21

2 kinds of Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 21

-Smooth ER
-Rough ER

Question 22

-Synthesis of lipids substances
-Connected to the nuclear envelope

Answer 22

Smooth ER

Question 23

-composed of ribosomes involved in the synthesis of protein
-Provides pipeline between the nucleus and the cytoplasm

Answer 23

Rough ER

Question 24

-Comprised of cisternae
-Distribution and shipping department for the cells chemical products
-Modifies proteins and lipids and prepares them for export.
-Protein packaging plant

Answer 24

Golgi Apparatus

Question 25

-Rod shaped organelles -The power house of the cell -2 lipid bilayer protein membrane

Answer 25

Mitochondria

Question 26

-infolding of the inner membrane

Answer 26

cristae

Question 27

-which has more mitochondria Cardiomyocytes or adipocytes?

Answer 27

cardiomyocytes

Question 28

considered various nutrients or pigments that can be found within the cell, but do not have activity like other organelles

Answer 28

Cell Inclusions

Question 29

long term storage unit of glucose within the cell

Answer 29

Glycogens

Question 30

3 cell for pigments

Answer 30

1.Melanin 2.Lipofuscin 3.Hemosiderin

Question 31

Brown Pigment in hair and skin and contained in melanosomes

Answer 31

Melanin

Question 32

Melanin are produced by specialized cell called

Answer 32

Melanocytes

Question 33

Often appears as a brown-yellow color that can be auto fluorescents and accumulates over time

Answer 33

Lipofuscin

Question 34

Lipofuscin is also called

Answer 34

Age pigment

Question 35

-Brown pigment that contains iron -Excessive _________ accumulation may indicate an increase in hemolysis of RBC

Answer 35

Hemosiderin

Question 36

-digestion compartment for cellular materials that are no longer useful -spherical organelles contained by a single layer

Answer 36

Lysosomes

Question 37

-Recycle the cells organic materials

Answer 37

Autophagy

Question 38

Contains variety of enzymes like catalase which primarily function to get rid of the cell of toxic substances, and in particular hydrogen peroxide

Answer 38

Perixisomes

Question 39

common by product of cellular metabolism

Answer 39

Hydrogen peroxide

Question 40

-found only in animals cell -Located together near the nucleus in the centrosome

Answer 40

Centrioles

Question 41

-centrioles are duplicated, centrosomes divides and pairs are split up

Answer 41

Interphase

Question 42

Gives structure and shape to the cell

Answer 42

Cytoskeleton

Question 43

Serve as the conveyor belt ,moving other organelles components of cilia and flagella

Answer 43

Microtubules

Question 44

help to generate forces used in cellular contraction and basic cell movements

Answer 44

Microfilaments

Question 45

Function as tension-bearing elements to help maintain cell shape and rigidity.

Answer 45

Intermediate to filaments

Question 46

Functional unit of life All chemical reaction necessary for the maintenance and reproduction of life takes place

Answer 46

cell

Question 47

Examined thin slices of cork and saw a network of tiny boxlike compartments

Answer 47

Robert hooke

Question 48

"Cells"; "Cellula" meaning "Little room"

Answer 48

Micrographia

Question 49

"All plant tissue are composed of cells and that an embryonic plant always arises from a single cell"

Answer 49

Matthias Schleiden"

Question 50

-All organism consist of one or more cells -"The cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms"

Answer 50

Theodor Schwann

Question 51

"Cells arise only by the division of other preexisting cells"

Answer 51

Rudolf Virchow

Question 52

Cell theory

Answer 52

1.All organisms are consist of one or more cell 2. Cells is the smallest unit of life of all living organism 3.All cell arise only by division of preexisting cell

Question 53

Deals with the structure, function, multiplication, pathology and life history of cells

Answer 53

cytology

Question 54

living substance of the cells

Answer 54

Protoplasm

Question 55

2 compartments of protoplasm

Answer 55

Cytoplasm Karyoplasm

Question 56

where the organelles are suspended

Answer 56

cytoplasm

Question 57

makes up the nucleus

Answer 57

karyoplasm

Question 58

membrane bound organelles

Answer 58

Eukaryotic

Question 59

has flagella (tail) and pili (hair, for conjugation)

Answer 59

Prokaryotic