Cells Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the main phases of the cell cycle?
Interphase and the Mitotic phase (M phase).
True or False: The cell cycle includes both mitosis and cytokinesis.
True.
Fill in the blank: The phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows and prepares for division is called ______.
Interphase.
What are the three sub-phases of Interphase?
G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase.
During which phase does DNA replication occur?
S phase.
What does the ‘G’ in G1 and G2 phases stand for?
Gap.
Multiple Choice: Which phase is characterized by the actual division of the cell? A) Interphase B) M phase C) S phase D) G2 phase
B) M phase.
What is the purpose of the G1 checkpoint?
To assess whether the cell is ready to proceed to DNA synthesis.
True or False: Cytokinesis occurs before mitosis.
False.
What is the role of cyclins in the cell cycle?
Cyclins regulate the progression of the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).
Fill in the blank: The process of programmed cell death is known as ______.
Apoptosis.
What is the main function of the mitotic spindle?
To separate chromosomes during mitosis.
Multiple Choice: Which phase of mitosis is characterized by the alignment of chromosomes at the cell’s equator? A) Prophase B) Metaphase C) Anaphase D) Telophase
B) Metaphase.
What happens during anaphase?
Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.
True or False: The G2 phase occurs after DNA replication.
True.
What is the primary difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.
Fill in the blank: The phase where the nuclear envelope re-forms and the chromosomes de-condense is called ______.
Telophase.
What is the role of checkpoints in the cell cycle?
To ensure that the cell is ready to proceed to the next phase and to prevent errors.
Multiple Choice: Which checkpoint checks for DNA damage before replication? A) G1 checkpoint B) G2 checkpoint C) M checkpoint D) All of the above
A) G1 checkpoint.
True or False: Cells can skip checkpoints and continue through the cell cycle.
False.
What is the significance of the S phase in the cell cycle?
It is crucial for DNA replication, ensuring that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.
Fill in the blank: The process of cell division in prokaryotes is known as ______.
Binary fission.
What is a common result of uncontrolled cell cycle progression?
Cancer.
Multiple Choice: What is the role of p53 in the cell cycle? A) Promotes cell division B) Activates apoptosis C) Inhibits DNA repair D) None of the above
B) Activates apoptosis.
