Cells Flashcards
(27 cards)
1
Q
The Cell Theory
A
- All living organisms are composed of cells
- They may be unicellular or multicellular
-Cells arise from pre existing cells
2
Q
Eukaryyotes (animal/plant) vs Prokaryotes
A
- Eukaryotes have a nucleus and are multicellular/heterotroph
- Prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus and are unicellular/autotroph
3
Q
Heterotroph vs Autotroph
A
- Heterotroph is an organisim that eats other plants or animals for energy and nutrients
- Autotroph is an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide or other chemicals
4
Q
The Characteristics of life
A
- Cellular Specialisation
- Movement
- Respiration
- Growth
- Reproduction
- Excretion
- Nutrition
- Stimulus
5
Q
Nucleus
A
- Nucleus controls cell function with the help of DNA
6
Q
Nucleolus
A
- Nucleolus produces ribosomes
7
Q
Cytoplasm
A
- Cytoplasm is the jelly like substance present in a cell. It protects cell organelles and chemical reactions in a cell (metabolism)
8
Q
Mitochondria
A
-Mitochondria produces energy by cellular respiration (power house of the cell)
9
Q
Cell Membrane
A
- Cell membrane allows certain substances into the cell and denies other (semi permeable)
10
Q
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
A
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum is the infrastructure of a cell and is a storage/transport hub
11
Q
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
A
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum helps maintain homeostasis by synthesising carbohydrates and lipids, detoxifying certain compounds, assists muscle contraction, produces male/female hormones
12
Q
Golgi body (apparatus)
A
- Golgi body (apparatus) modifies and exports protein
13
Q
Ribosomes
A
- Ribosomes manufactures protein
14
Q
Lysosomes
A
- Lysosomes break down waste by digesting small molecules.
15
Q
Centrioles
A
- Centrioles assist in cell division in animal cells
16
Q
Chloroplast
A
- Chloroplast perform photosynthesis, in plant cells
17
Q
Vacuole
A
- Vacuole stores water and nutrients as well as give rigidity to plant cells
18
Q
Cell Wall
A
- Cell wall protects the cell in plants
19
Q
Protein
A
- Required for structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues.
20
Q
Nucleic Acid
A
- Stores information to be transferred from one generation to the
next.
21
Q
Carbohydrates
A
- Are a source of quick energy for cells.
22
Q
Lipids
A
- Insulate the body, storage form of energy, protect major organs as they have shock absorbing functions
23
Q
Monomer
A
- A molecule that binds chemically to another one to create a bigger one.
24
Q
Monosaccharides
A
- Monomers of carbohydrates.
25
Amino Acid
- Monomer of proteins.
26
Nucleotides
- Monomers of nucleic acids.
27
A T C G or U
- Nitrogenous bases
present in nucleotides
