cells Flashcards
(26 cards)
cell wall
support and protects the cell
cell membrane
flexible barrier regulate movement of molecules in and out of the cell
nucleus
holds DNA which controls cell activity
mitochondria
where energy is produced from glucose in cellular respiration
chloroplast
site of photosynthesis to convert light energy into glucose
ribosomes
site of protein synthesis
cytosol
jelly fluid where many cell reaction happens
endoplasmic reticulum
transports materials within the cell
golgi body
packages materials for storage and secretion
vacuole realised
storage area of water, starch and oils
lysosome
enzymes that are released to replace manufacturing cells
centrole
structures including in cell division
cell theory
smallest functioning unit, all cells come from pre existing cells, cells are the building blocks for living organisms
eukaryotic
have nucleus and cell membrane bound organelles
prokaryotic
don’t have a nucleus or the cell membrane
dna full name
deoxyribonucleic acid
nucleotides
phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, and nitrogen base
complemented base pairing rules
refers to the pairing of nitrogen bases in DNA
adenine and thymine share 2 hydrogen bonds
cytsosine and gymine share 3 hydrogen bonds
homoglous chromosomes
1 from egg and 1 from sperm with the same gene location with the same coding for a specific trait
somatic cell
46 chromosomes in each nucleus 23 pairs, 22 are autosomes , 1 pair of sex chromosomes
sex cells
each sex cell only had 22 regular chromosomes and 1 sex chromosomes
sex cells / gamates
each sex cell only had 22 regular chromosomes and 1 sex chromosomes
gene
a section of DNA arranged along the chromosomes that codes for a specfic trait
diploid
full set of chromosomes in a somatic cell for a human diploid 2n=46
