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Ultimate Biology Review > Cells > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cells Deck (31)
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1
Q

Thin, flexible barrier around the cell?

A

Cell Membrane

2
Q

Tendency of substances to move from an area of high concentration to low concentration?

A

Diffusion

3
Q

What type of diffusion requires no energy?

A

Passive Diffusion

4
Q

Cell Membrane is _______________. (Let’s some things in, but not others)

A

Selectively Permeable

5
Q

What is the diffusion of water?

A

Osmosis

6
Q

Type of solution where concentrations are equal?

A

Isotonic

7
Q

Solution where concentration of solute is lower in the solution than the cell?

A

Hypotonic

8
Q

Solution where concentration of solute is higher in the solution than the cell?

A

Hypertonic

9
Q

Movement of specific molecules through protein channels?

A

Facilitated Diffusion

10
Q

Movement of materials across the cell membrane against a concentration gradiant?

A

Active Transport

11
Q

Cell Structure that provides structure and support for the cell?

A

Cell Wall

12
Q

Specialized structures in the cell that perform specific functions?

A

Organelles

13
Q

Cell structure that helps the cell maintain its shape?

A

Cytoskeleton

14
Q

Cell structure that controls all cell processes?

A

Nucleus

15
Q

Cell structure that assembles proteins?

A

Ribosomes

16
Q

Cell structure that is a clear, jelly-like fluid that fills the cell?

A

Cytoplasm

17
Q

Cell structure that synthesizes lipids for the cell membrane?

A

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

18
Q

Cell structure that chemically modifies ribosomes?

A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

19
Q

Cell structure that removes old organelles and debris, and also breaks down food into particles?

A

Lysosomes

20
Q

Cell structure that is a sac-like structure used for the storage of water, proteins, carbs, salts?

A

Vacuole

21
Q

Cell structure responsible for using energy from the sun in order to create energy-rich food molecules via Photosynthesis?

A

Chloroplast

22
Q

Cell structure that makes energy compounds and is known as the “powerhouse” of the cell?

A

Mitochondria

23
Q

Where do humans inherit their mitochondria?

A

Their Mother

24
Q

What is the main difference in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes?

A
  • Prokaryotes lack a nucleus

* Eukaryotes have a nucleus

25
Q

What are the three main things prokaryotic cells consist of?

A
  • Cell Membrane
  • Cell Wall
  • Ribosomes
26
Q

Four types of active transport?

A
  1. Pumping ions in or out of the cell
  2. Endocytosis
  3. Phagocytosis
  4. Exocytosis
27
Q

What is Endocytosis?

A

Taking materials into the cell by means of pockets in the cell membrane.

28
Q

What is Phagocytosis?

A

Extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles.

29
Q

What is Exocytosis?

A

Removal of large amounts of material from a cell.

30
Q

Dense region in the nucleus where ribosomes are made?

A

Nucleolus

31
Q

Three parts of Cell Theory?

A
  1. All living things are composed of cells.
  2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
  3. New cells are produced from existing cells.