Cells

Question 1

Which organelle is the sight of translation?

Answer 1

Ribosomes

Question 2

What is the main function of the mitochondrion?

Answer 2

Aerobic Respiration and production of ATP

Question 3

Which organelle produced the spindle fibres during mitosis?

Answer 3

Centriole

Question 4

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids in the cell?

Answer 4

Smooth ER

Question 5

Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes?

Answer 5

Lysosomes

Question 6

What is the main function of the nucleus?

Answer 6

Production of Ribosomal RNA

Question 7

Which organelle is made of stacks of membranes and covered in ribosomes?

Answer 7

Rough ER

Question 8

Which organelle packages proteins for export from the cell by exocytosis

Answer 8

Golgi apparatus

Question 9

Which organelle contains chromatin?

Answer 9

Nucleus

Question 10

Which organelle is the site of respiration in a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 10

Mesosome

Question 11

Prokaryotes contain which type of ribosome?

Answer 11

70S

Question 12

What substance forms the cell wall of prokaryotes?

Answer 12

Peptidoglycan

Question 13

Which term means ‘before the nucleus’?

Answer 13

Prokaryotic

Question 14

Which type of ribosome do eukaryotes contain in their cytoplasm?

Answer 14

80S

Question 15

How many membranes surround the nucleus?

Answer 15

Two

Question 16

Which organelle in animal cells, other than the nucleus, also contains DNA?

Answer 16

Mitochondrion

Question 17

Which organelle is never found in prokaryotes or animal cells?

Answer 17

Chloroplasts

Question 18

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

Answer 18

Control of transport into and out of the cell.

Question 19

Which structures increase the surface area of the inner mitochondrial membrane?

Answer 19

Cristae

Question 20

Which process describes how proteins are exported from cells?

Answer 20

Exocytosis

Question 21

What substance is the plant cell wall made of?

Answer 21

Cellulose

Question 22

Which structure in some animal cells increase the surface area of the cell membrane?

Answer 22

Microvilli

Question 23

Which pigment makes chloroplasts green?

Answer 23

Chlorophyll

Question 24

Which term means ‘true nucleus’?

Answer 24

Eukaryotic

Question 25

What organelle regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell, and also has receptor molecules which allow it to respond to chemical like hormones?

Answer 25

Plasma Membrane

Question 26

What moves substance along the cell surface?

Answer 26

Cillia

Question 27

What is the name of the organelle that hold the organelles in place?

Answer 27

Cytoskeleton

Question 28

Which organelle is involved with the separation of chromosomes in cell division?

Answer 28

Centriole

Question 29

What do all cells in plants and animals begin as?

Answer 29

Undifferentiated Cells

Question 30

What are "Stem Cells"?

Answer 30

Cells that are not adapted to any particular function. Unspecialised cells.

Question 31

When Stem Cells are unable to specialise, what phase have they entered of the cell cycle?

Answer 31

G0 Phase (G zero)

Question 32

Referring to Stem Cells, what does "potency" mean?

Answer 32

The Stem Cell's ability to differentiate into different types of cells.

Question 33

What does "Totipotent" mean? Give examples.

Answer 33

Where a Stem Cell is destined to create an organism. | Eg: Zygote, a fertilised egg.

Question 34

What does "Pluripotent" mean? Give examples.

Answer 34

Where a Stem Cell can form all tissue types but not full organisms. Eg: Embryo

Question 35

What does "Multipotent" mean? Give examples.

Answer 35

Where Stem Cells can only form a range of cells within a certain type of tissue. Eg: Haemopoetic cells

Question 36

What is the scientific name for red blood cells?

Answer 36

Erythrocytes

Question 37

What is the scientific name for white blood cells?

Answer 37

Neutrophils

Question 38

Where do all the blood cells derive from?

Answer 38

The stem cells in the bone marrow.