Cells Flashcards
(13 cards)
Cell theory
- was made in 1883
- was created by Scheiden, Virchow
- says al living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things, and all cells are produced from other cells
Organelles
Are tiny little structures inside a cell that carry out specific functions within a cell.
Cell Wall vs Cell membrane
Cell walls are only on plant cells. They’re made of of a non living substance called cellulose. The cell wall lets water and oxygen pass through but not any other substances or anything bad. Cell membranes are found in all cells. Cell membranes control what come in and out of a cell.
Nucleus
The nucleus is the brain of a cell. It holds the DNA of a cell. It is located in the center of a cell and is surrounded by the nucleolus.
Mitochondria
The mitochondria is the” powerhouse “of a cell. It gives the energy for the cell.
Vacuole
Stores water, nutrients and waste. Found larger in plant cells because plants need a lot of water to survive.
Chromosomes
Control the cell. Makes up the cell’s DNA. Found in nucleus.
Cytoplasm
A gel like fluid that covers the inside of a cell.
Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts are used by plants in photosynthesis to make sugar which is their food.
Level of Organization in Organisms
Sub atomic particles, atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organisms
Plant cell vs Animal cells
Plant cells have cell walls but animal cells don’t. Plant cells have giant vacuoles.
Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic cells are cells that have a nucleus. Prokaryotic cells are cells without a nucleus and can be found in bacteria. Instead prokaryotic cells have DNA.
Cell
- the smallest living unit of all plants and animals
- cells come in many sizes and shapes
- specialized cells are cells such as blood cells, nerve cells, skin cells, muscle shells
- the basic unit of structure and function in an organism
