Cells Flashcards
(25 cards)
What cells structures do plant cells contain?
Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Mitochondria Ribosomes Cell wall Chloroplasts Permanent vacuole
What is a nucleus?
It contains the cells genetic material and controls the cells activities
What is the cytoplasm?
Where chemical reactions in the cell take place
What is the cell membrane?
It controls the movement of materials in / out of the cells
What is the mitochondria?
Where energy is released during aerobic respiration
What are the ribosomes?
Where protein synthesis takes place
What is the cell wall?
It is made of cellulose which supports the cell
What is the chloroplast?
It contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis
What is the permanent vaculoe?
It contains cell sap to keep it rigid
What cell structures does a bacteria cell have?
A cell membrane and cell wall surrounded by a cytoplasm
Where is a bacteriums genetic material stored?
In the cytoplasm
How does yeast differ to normal bacterium?
It has a nucleus
What is a specialised cell?
A cell which’s structure is linked to its function this is when the cells develop into a particular type.
What is diffusion?
Where substances / gases move in and out of cells
What is diffusion dependant on?
The concentration of the particles on each side of the membrane
What is the concentration gradient?
The difference in between 2 areas of the membrane
What increases the rate of diffusion?
A larger concentration gradient
What is a tissue?
A group of cells with similar functions and structures
When to cells start to differentiate?
During the development of multicellular organisms
Give some examples of tissues:
Animal:
Muscle tissue (contracts to bring movement)
Glandular tissue (produces enzymes / hormones)
Epithelial tissues (covers parts of the body)
Plant:
Epidermal tissues (covers the plant)
Mesophyll (photosynthesises)
Xylem / phloem (transports substances around the plant)
What are organs made up of?
Tissues
What are some tissues in the stomach?
Muscular - churns its contents
Glandular - produces digestive juices
Epithelial - covers in / out of the stomach
What do groups of organs form?
Organ systems
Describe the digestive system?
Pancreas / salivary gland produce digestive juices
Digestion happens in the stomach and small intestine
The liver produces bile (neutralises stomach acid)
The small intestine absorbs soluble food
The large intestine absorbs water from insoluble food producing poo
