Cells

Question 1

Movement of molecules from and area of high concentration to low concentration? This process can be passive or facilitated.

Answer 1

Diffusion

Question 2

Chemical breakdown due to reaction with water?

Answer 2

Hydrolysis

Question 3

A combination of atoms that forms the smallest particle of a substance that can take place in a chemical reaction?

Answer 3

Molecule

Question 4

The addition of a phosphate group?

Answer 4

Phosphorylation

Question 5

A collection of specialised cells that combine to function for a common use?

Answer 5

Tissue

Question 6

The movement of molecules against their concentration gradient from a low concentration of high concentration. This process requires the use of energy.

Answer 6

Active transport

Question 7

An energy carrying molecule that releases energy when it is split into adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (IP)?

Answer 7

Adenosinetkiphosphate

Question 8

A reaction in which electrons are gained ?

Answer 8

Reduce

Question 9

An organelle in which aerobic respiration occurs?

Answer 9

Mitochondria

Question 10

the smallest building block of life that consists of protons electrons and neutrons.

Answer 10

Atom

Question 11

A molecular catalyst that acts to speed up a reaction?

Answer 11

Enzyme

Question 12

The movement of water across a semi permeable membrane from area of low solute/ high water concentration to high solute/ low water concentration?

Answer 12

Osmosis

Question 13

How much free energy is there is 1 molecule of ATP (kg/mole)?

Answer 13

31

Question 14

A group of cells make a …

Answer 14

Tissue

Question 15

Insulin assisting glucose entry into the cell is an example of …

Answer 15

Facilitated diffusion

Question 16

A group of cells make up a ?

Answer 16

Tissue

Question 17

A group of tissues make up a ?

Answer 17

Organ

Question 18

A group of organs make up a ?

Answer 18

System

Question 19

A group of systems make up a ?

Answer 19

Organism

Question 20

What do animal cells not have that plant cells do

Answer 20

Animal cells don’t have a cell wall

Question 21

3 main parts of an animal cell?

Answer 21

• Plasma membrane
• Cytoplasm (contains organelles)
• Nucleus

Question 22

What is a plasma membrane?

Answer 22

A Plasma Membrane encloses the cell. Made from a bilayer of
Phospholipids
Cholesterol
Proteins
It acts as a semi permeable barrier.
It creates cells internal and external environment.

Question 23

What is a Cytoplasm?

Answer 23

Holds all organelles.

Question 24

Organelles?

Answer 24

Organelles are Specialist sub- units within a cell. Each type of organelle performs a specific task.

Question 25

Types of organelle ? (7)

Answer 25

Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Mitochondria Peroxisomes Ribosomes Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 26

What else does the cytoplasm contain (not organelles)? (5)

Answer 26

Centrioles Intermediate Filament Microfilaments Microtubules Nucleus

Question 27

What is the Nucleus’ job?

Answer 27

Control centre Job = Protein synthesis and Transmitting DNA to daughter cells

Question 28

What is the largest organelle

Answer 28

Nucleus

Question 29

Cell membrane main job?

Answer 29

Protect cell and keep cell shape

Question 30

Properties of the cell membrane (3)

Answer 30

Selectively permeable (certain molecules) Made of lipids + proteins Double layer of phospholipids

Question 31

2 proteins in the cell membrane ?

Answer 31

Globular shapes proteins Tightly coiled for support and shake (serve as receptors for the cells)

Question 32

What 3 things can pass through the cell membrane?

Answer 32

Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Steroids

Question 33

What is embedded into the cell membrane?

Answer 33

Cholesterol molecules are embedded in the membrane. They strengthen the membrane wall and help make it impermeable to water soluble substances.

Question 34

What is passive transport?

Answer 34

Movement of molecules across cell membranes without using any energy.

Question 35

When cells use simple diffusion, what do molecules do?

Answer 35

Molecules naturally move from an area of high concentration to low concentration, through a permeable membrane.

Question 36

What is simple diffusion? And which molecule uses this?

Answer 36

High concentration to low concentration until both sides are uniform/ have reached equilibrium. Oxygen is the 1 molecule that moves into cells using simple diffusion.

Question 37

What is Net diffusion?

Answer 37

Net Diffusion is a net movement (where the maximum particles moved) movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration down the concentration gradient. Due to collisions