Cells and It's A Matter of Seperation Flashcards
Both (103 cards)
1
Q
What is a Beaker used for?
A
Used to mix, heat, and measure liquids.
2
Q
What is the function of a Bunsen Burner?
A
Used to heat substances.
3
Q
What is the purpose of a Filter Funnel?
A
Used for separating solids from liquids.
3
Q
What does a Retort Stand do?
A
Used to hold and support various apparatus.
4
Q
What is a Boss Head and Clamp used for?
A
Used to hold equipment in place.
5
Q
What is the function of a Tripod?
A
Used to support a beaker or flask over a Bunsen burner.
6
Q
What does a Gauze Mat do?
A
Used to support beakers or flasks during heating.
7
Q
What is an Evaporating Basin used for?
A
Used to evaporate liquids.
8
Q
What is a Test Tube used for?
A
Used to hold small amounts of substances for experiments.
9
Q
What is a Conical Flask used for?
A
Used for mixing and storing liquids.
10
Q
What is the purpose of a Heat Proof Mat?
A
To protect the bench.
11
Q
Define Solute.
A
The minor part of a solution, it dissolves into the solvent.
12
Q
Define Solvent.
A
The part in which a solute dissolves into to form a solution.
13
Q
What is a Solution?
A
A mixture in which the solute has dissolved into the solvent.
14
Q
What does Insoluble mean?
A
If a substance cannot dissolve.
14
Q
What does Soluble mean?
A
How well a substance dissolves.
15
Q
What property is used in Evaporation?
A
Boiling point.
16
Q
What is left behind after evaporating saltwater?
A
Salt.
17
Q
What property is used in Decanting?
A
Density.
18
Q
What is the process of Decanting?
A
Pouring out the solid or liquid with the lower density.
19
Q
What property is used in Filtration?
A
Particle size.
20
Q
What is left behind during Filtration?
A
Bigger particles and solvent.
21
Q
What property is used in Distillation?
A
Boiling point.
22
Q
What is the process of Distillation?
A
Evaporating liquid, catching gas, and condensing it back into a liquid.
23
What property is used in Sieving?
Particle size.
24
What is the process of Sieving?
Using a sieve to separate particles based on size.
25
What property is used in Magnetic Attraction?
Magnetism.
26
What does Chromatography use to separate substances?
Solubility.
27
What is a Variable in an experiment?
Anything that can be changed.
28
What is an Independent Variable?
The factor that the research manipulates.
29
What is a Dependent Variable?
Changes as a result of the independent variable's manipulation.
30
Where is the Dependent Variable plotted on a graph?
Y axis or vertical line.
31
Where is the Independent Variable plotted on a graph?
X axis or horizontal line.
31
What are the components required for all graphs?
* Title
* Correctly labelled axis with units
* Appropriate and consistent scale
* Data plotted correctly
* Correct graph type
32
What is the rule for plotting data points in graphs?
Only plot the data points that are in the results table.
33
What is a 'Line of best fit'?
Ruled line through the middle of all data points.
33
What should you do for line graphs regarding data points?
Line does not go past the first and last data points.
34
What should be left between columns in column graphs?
A space between the y-axis and first column and between each column.
35
What should be avoided when drawing columns in graphs?
Do not colour in columns.
36
Which piece of equipment is used to hold and support various apparatus during an experiment?
Retort Stand.
36
Which piece of equipment is used to spread heat evenly from a Bunsen burner flame?
Gauze Mat.
37
Which piece of equipment is used to evaporate liquids?
Evaporating Basin.
38
What is the role of the solute in a solution?
It dissolves into the solvent.
38
What is the property used in chromatography to separate substances?
Solubility.
39
What is the primary property used in the evaporation separation technique?
Boiling Point.
40
Which separation technique uses the property of particle size to separate substances?
Filtration and Sieving.
41
Which separation technique uses magnetism as its primary property?
Magnetic Attraction.
42
What is the dependent variable in an experiment?
The variable that changes as a result of the independent variable.
43
What is the correct placement of the independent variable on a graph?
On the X-axis (horizontal line).
44
What are cells?
The smallest living part of an organism, microscopic in size.
45
What is an organism?
An individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form
46
What defines a unicellular organism?
→ A living thing made up of only one cell
47
What defines a multicellular organism?
A living thing made up of more than one cell where each cell works together
47
Give three examples of unicellular organisms.
→ Some algae, some bacteria, amoebas
48
Give three examples of multicellular organisms.
→ Animals, plants, some fungi
49
What is a living thing?
→ Something that fulfills all 7 characteristics of life
50
What is a non-living thing?
→ Something that was never alive and does not possess all 7 characteristics of life
51
What is a dead thing?
→ Something no longer living but once possessed all 7 characteristics of life
52
What does "Mrs Gren" stand for?
→ Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition
53
Why is movement a characteristic of life?
→ Living organisms can move independently or show movement at a cellular level
54
Why is respiration a characteristic of life?
→ It allows organisms to convert oxygen and glucose into energy
55
Why is sensitivity a characteristic of life?
→ It enables organisms to respond to their environment
56
Why is growth a characteristic of life?
All living things gorw over time.
57
Why is reproduction a characteristic of life?
→ It allows organisms to produce offspring and continue their species
58
Why is excretion a characteristic of life?
→ It helps organisms remove waste products
59
What does the eyepiece of a microscope do?
→ Magnifies the specimen by 10x
59
What is the function of the tube in a microscope?
→ Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses
60
Why is nutrition a characteristic of life?
→ Organisms require nutrients to survive and function
61
How does the rough focusing knob help in microscopy?
→ Adjusts the distance between the specimen and objective lenses for focus
62
What is the purpose of the fine focusing knob?
→ Sharpens the image for clearer viewing
62
What does the revolving nosepiece do?
→ Holds the objective lenses and rotates to change magnification
63
Name the three magnifications of objective lenses in a microscope.
→ 4x, 10x, 40x
64
What is the role of stage clips?
→ Hold the slide in place
65
What is the function of the stage on a microscope?
→ The platform where the specimen slide is placed
65
What is the light source in a microscope used for?
→ Illuminates the specimen for better visibility
66
What is a slide in microscopy?
→ A thin piece of glass where the specimen is placed
67
What is an organelle?
→ A specialized part inside a cell that performs specific functions
68
What does the nucleus do?
→ Stores genetic information (DNA)
68
What is the role of the cell membrane?
→ Controls the transport of materials in and out of the cell
69
What is the cytoplasm?
→ A jelly-like interior of the cell where chemical reactions occur
70
What do ribosomes do?
→ Make proteins
71
What is the mitochondria known as?
→ The energy factory of the cell
72
What does the vacuole do in a plant cell?
→ Stores water and nutrients permanently
73
What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
→ Create energy through photosynthesis
73
How does the vacuole in an animal cell compare to a plant cell?
→ Smaller and stores water temporarily
74
What is the function of the cell wall?
→ Provides extra protection and structural support for plant cells
74
Name the organelles present in both plant and animal cells.
→ Cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, cell membrane
75
Name the three organelles only found in plant cells.
→ Permanent vacuole, cell wall, chloroplast
76
What is cellular respiration?
→ A process where mitochondria convert glucose into energy
77
What is the word equation for cellular respiration?
→ Oxygen + Glucose → Energy + Water + Carbon Dioxide
78
What role does mitochondria play in cellular respiration?
→ Produces energy by breaking down glucose
79
Why do plant cells have chloroplasts but animal cells do not?
→ Chloroplasts enable plants to produce energy through photosynthesis
80
How does the cell membrane help maintain homeostasis?
→ Controls the transport of substances in and out of the cell
81
What is the purpose of cell division?
→ To create new cells for growth and repair
82
What happens during DNA copying in mitosis?
→ The genetic information is doubled
83
What occurs in the "Getting Ready" stage of mitosis?
→ The cell organizes itself before division
84
What happens in the "Dividing" stage of mitosis?
→ The cell splits into two daughter cells
85
Why is mitosis important for multicellular organisms?
→ It allows growth, repair, and reproduction of cells
86
What is the correct order of levels of organization in an organism?
→ Cells → Tissue → Organs → Organ Systems → Organisms
87
Why are tissues necessary in multicellular organisms?
→ They group similar cells together to perform specific functions efficiently
88
How does an organ system differ from an organ?
→ An organ system is made up of multiple organs working together to perform complex functions
89
What defines a specialised cell in a multicellular organism?
→ A cell with a unique structure adapted for a specific function
90
Why do blood cells, muscle cells, and bone cells have different structures?
→ Each type is specialised to carry out a unique function essential for survival
