Cells and Tissues

Question 0

Cell membrane

Answer 0

Separates cell from surroundings, made of lipid bilayer

Question 1

Organelle

Answer 1

Part of a cell

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Control center of cell, surrounded by double membrane (nuclear envelope), contains DNA in chromosomes

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

Includes fluid inside cells called CYTOSOL and organelles

Question 4

Mitochondria

Answer 4

Break down food molecules to make energy (ATP)

Question 5

Rough ER

Answer 5

Folded membranes attached to nucleus, protein synthesis for membrane bound (integral) proteins & secreted proteins, ribosomes embedded in the surface

Question 6

Smooth ER

Answer 6

Lipid synthesis, folded membranes attached to nucleus, no ribosomes

Question 7

Golgi apparatus

Answer 7

Processes proteins for export out of the cell

Question 8

Nucleolus

Answer 8

Makes ribosomes

Question 9

Ribosome

Answer 9

Non membranous organelles that make proteins by assembling amino acids into polypeptide chains

Question 10

Lysosome

Answer 10

Digests food particles and recycles old organelles

Question 11

Vesicles

Answer 11

Membrane bound compartments going in and out of the cell

Question 12

Vacuole

Answer 12

Stores water and other materials, small

In animals, large in plants

Question 13

Chloroplast

Answer 13

Found in plant cells, where photosynthesis takes place

Question 14

Cell wall

Answer 14

Surrounds plant cells, rigid, gives structure and support

Question 15

Cell theory

Answer 15

1. All living things or organisms are made of cells and their products
2. New cells are created by old cells dividing into two
3. Cells are the basic units of life

Question 16

Robert Hooke

Answer 16

First person to discover the cell

Question 17

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 17

First person to see a live cell under a microscope

Question 18

Matthias Jakob Schleiden

Answer 18

Found all plants are composed of cells

Question 19

Theodor Schwann

Answer 19

“All living things are composed of cells and cell products”

Question 20

Rudolf Virchow

Answer 20

“Every cell originates from another existing cell like it” (omnis e cellula e cellula)

Question 21

Homeostasis

Answer 21

Body’s ability to regulate its internal environment

Question 22

Cell

Answer 22

Smallest unit that carries out all of the tasks of living things

Question 23

Tissue

Answer 23

A group of similar cells working cells working together

Question 24

Organ

Answer 24

A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

Question 25

Organ system

Answer 25

Group of organs working together

Question 26

Organism

Answer 26

Living thing made of cells

Question 27

Epithelial tissue

Answer 27

Covers and protects the tissues beneath

Question 28

Nervous tissue

Answer 28

Sends electrical signals through the body

Question 29

Muscle tissue

Answer 29

Contract and relax to produce movement

Question 30

Connective tissues

Answer 30

Joins and supports and cushions organs