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Anatomy and Physiology Vet Nurse > Cells and water distribution > Flashcards

Cells and water distribution Flashcards

1
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A

Cells with no membrane bound structures e.g. bacteria

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2
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell?

A

All cells that make up animals body with membrane.

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3
Q

What are organelles?

A

The different functions to allow a cell to work.

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4
Q

What is smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Folded membranes that product fat (lipid synthesis) for energy.

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5
Q

What is rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Folded membranes with ribosomes attached to make protein (protein synthesis) to produce mucus.

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6
Q

What is a cell membrane?

A

Protective layer around the whole cell that has a wall.

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7
Q

What does a cell membrane do?

A

Allows food, oxygen and water in. Let’s waste out.

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8
Q

What is cytoplasm?

A

Liquid that fills the cell (like jelly).

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9
Q

What does cytoplasm do?

A

Where chemical reactions occur, it contains water and flows constantly.

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10
Q

What is the mitochondria?

A

BATTERY. Converts energy in food to stored energy.

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11
Q

What are ribosomes?

A

Make proteins.

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12
Q

What is a chromatin?

A

Made of DNA and proteins. Used for cell division and only seen when actively dividing. Found in the nucleus.

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13
Q

What is the Gogli apparatus?

A

POST OFFICE SORTER. Stacked flat mambrane where proteins are stored and sorted.

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14
Q

What is a fagella?

A

Moves sperm cells.

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15
Q

What is a nucleus?

A

BRAIN. The largest organelle, controls and directs.

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16
Q

What is the nuclear membrane?

A

Nucleus wall. Seperates nucleus from cytoplasm but allows passage.

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17
Q

What are lysosomes?

A

PACMAN. Eats waste and digests. Breaks down a cell when it dies.

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18
Q

What is Cilla?

A

HAIRS. Wafts/moves substances over surface.

19
Q

Where is Cilla found?

A

Respiratory tract moving mucus and female reproductive tract.

20
Q

Where are melanocytes found?

A

Found in lower layers of skin and hair.

21
Q

What do Melanocytes do?

A

Produce pigment in hair and skin.

22
Q

Where are haemosiderin found?

A

Cells that destroy red blood cells e.g. liver or spleen.

23
Q

What are secretory vesicles?

A

POST MAN. Receive protein from Golgi apparatus after sorting. Allow protein to move from inside to outside of a cell.

24
Q

What is a microvilli?

A

Increases surface area of cells promoting absorbtion of materials e.g. looking through intestine.

25
Q

What is metabolism?

A

The total sum of chemical reactions taking place in the body.

26
Q

What is anabolic?

A

Build up of reactions using energy (build tower block).

27
Q

What is catabolic?

A

Break down of reactions releasing energy (tower block falling).

28
Q

What is internal respiration?

A

Cells using food/energy to function.

29
Q

Where would you find adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

A

Stored as energy in the mitochondria.

30
Q

Is ATP stable?

A

Yes.

31
Q

Is ADP stable?

A

No.

32
Q

Name the 4 transportation methods across a membrane.

A

Passive, active, endocytosis and exocytosis.

33
Q

What is a passive transportation mode?

A

Diffusion, osmosis and facilitied diffusion

34
Q

Does passive transportation require energy?

A

No.

35
Q

Does active transportation require energy?

A

Yes.

36
Q

What is active transportation?

A

Cells containing mitochondria e.g. ATP + ADP

37
Q

What is endocytosis?

A

Taking in water or solid from the outside.

38
Q

What is phagocytosis?

A

A cell eating solids.

39
Q

What is pinocytosis?

A

A cell drinking liquid.

40
Q

What does pH stand for?

A

Power of hydrogen.

41
Q

What is a neutral pH?

A

7.4.

42
Q

When will blood pH become acidosis?

A

When it’s dropped below a pH of 7.35.

43
Q

Will you have more or less hydrogen if in alkalosis?

A

Less.

44
Q

Will you have more or less hydrogen in acidosis?

A

More.

Anatomy and Physiology Vet Nurse (5 decks)

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