Cells AOL Review

Question 1

Scientist who discovered all living things are made of cells

Answer 1

Matthias Schleidon

Question 2

Scientist who discovered cells are basic units of structure and functions in an organism

Answer 2

Theodore Schwann

Question 3

Scientist who discovered new cells come from existing cells

Answer 3

Rudolf Virchow

Question 4

The 4 basic features in ALL cells

Answer 4

• Plasma membrane
• cytoplasm
• genetic material
• ribosomes

Question 5

True or False: Prokaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles

Answer 5

False

Question 6

How big is a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 6

1-5 µm in diameter

Question 7

What is a true nucleus?

Answer 7

when DNA is in a membrane bound nucleus

Question 8

Why do eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and prokaryotic cells don’t?

Answer 8

Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles. This means that prokaryotes do not have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane

Question 9

How big is a Eukaryotic cell

Answer 9

10-100 µm in diameter

Question 10

Name an example of an organism that is made of eukaryotic cells

Answer 10

animals, humans, plants, protists, etc.

Question 11

what are the two other names for cell membrane

Answer 11

Phospholipid bilayer & Plasma membrane

Question 12

What does a cell membrane do?

Answer 12

cover cell’s surface and act as barrier between inside of cell and environment

Question 13

In what cells are cell membranes found?

Answer 13

All cells

Question 14

Cell membranes are selectively permeable meaning they allows specific things to cross membrane. What kind of thing would a cell membrane NOT let in?

Answer 14

diffusion of highly charged molecules, such as ions, and large molecules, such as sugars and amino acids.

Question 15

Cell membranes are selectively permeable meaning they allows specific things to cross membrane. What kind of thing WOULD a cell membrane let in?

Answer 15

Small polar molecules, such as water and ethanol

Question 16

True or false: Phospholipids make up majority of the cell membrane

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What role do proteins play in the cell membrane?

Answer 17

They help transport substances in and out of the cell

Question 18

What part of the cell membrane help cells identify each other?

Answer 18

Carbohydrates

Question 19

What part of cell is responsible for cell movement, shape, and division?

Answer 19

Cytoskeleton

Question 20

Name the 4 parts in the cytoskeleton.

Answer 20

cilia, flagella, pseudopod, and centrioles

Question 21

hair-like structures projecting from a cell that help the cell move

Answer 21

Cilia

Question 22

tail-like structures projecting from a cell that help the cell move

Answer 22

Flagella

Question 23

“fake foot” for movement and ingestion

Answer 23

pseudopod

Question 24

True or false: centrioles are found ONLY in animal cells

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Eukaryotic cells go through a process called cell division using the centrioles, however, since centrioles are only in eukaryotic cells how do prokaryotic cells divide?

Answer 25

Binary fission

Question 26

Includes cytosol (gel-like fluid that fills the cell), cytoskeleton, and organelles

Answer 26

Cytoplasm

Question 27

- Contains DNA/genetic information - Controls cells activities - Found only in eukaryotic cells What am I?

Answer 27

Nucleus

Question 28

Ribosomes make proteins and can be free floating or stick to the ER. Why would the ribosomes attach to the ER?

Answer 28

Proteins are assembled at organelles called ribosomes. When proteins are destined to be part of the cell membrane or exported from the cell, the ribosomes attaching them to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 29

Smooth or rough ER? -Lacks ribosomes -Produces lipids & ships them to the golgi apparatus -Breaks down toxic substances

Answer 29

Smooth

Question 30

Smooth or rough ER? -Contains ribosomes -Produces proteins and ships them to golgi apparatus

Answer 30

Rough

Question 31

What cells is golgi apparatus found?

Answer 31

All eukaryotic cells

Question 32

-Receives proteins and lipids from the ER -Packages and distributes proteins and lipids throughout the cell

Answer 32

Golgi Apparatus

Question 33

A vacuole is a membrane bound space used for temporary storage of materials such as ions, nutrients, water, waste; although vacuoles are found in both plants and animals, why do plants tend to have the bigger vacuole?

Answer 33

Plants need to store food and water, and having a larger vacuole helps plants stay upright. This is because the plants don't possess the ability to move freely like that of animals.

Question 34

Membrane bound pouches that contain enzymes to break down waste, food, and invaders

Answer 34

Lysosomes

Question 34

True or false: Lysosomes can be found in prokaryotic cells

Answer 34

False. Prokaryotic cells do not contain any membrane bound organelles

Question 35

-Found in plants and some protists -Use light energy to make glucose during the process of photosynthesis

Answer 35

Chloroplast

Question 36

A rigid structure outside the cell membrane that provides additional support and protection

Answer 36

Cell wall

Question 37

Which of the following parts of cell manages support, adhesion, movement, regulation

Answer 37

Extracellular Matrix

Question 38

-Lysosomes -Centrioles -Cilia -Flagella Are structures only found in _____ cells.

Answer 38

Animal

Question 39

-Cell wall -Chloroplast -Large central vacuole Are structures only found in _____ cells.

Answer 39

Plant