Cells & Batteries

Question 1

Energy from the sun is stored in sources.

Name 5 sources of stored energy.

Answer 1

1. Food
2. Wood
3. Coal
4. Oil products
5. Natural gas

Question 2

What are cells and batteries?

Answer 2

They are things that STORE energy in the form of ELECTRICITY.

Question 3

What is a cell?

Answer 3

It’s the SMALLEST WHOLE part of a battery.

Question 4

What is a battery?

Answer 4

It’s a GROUP of cells.

Question 5

Name 2 sources of stored energy in the form of electricity.

Answer 5

Cells and batteries.

Question 6

Who invented the first cell?

Answer 6

Alessandro Volta, an Italian physicist.

Question 7

In what year was the first cell invented?

Answer 7

1792

Question 8

In what year did Alessandro Volta invent the first battery?

Answer 8

1800

Question 9

A battery is full of ….?

Answer 9

Chemicals.

Question 10

What do the chemicals inside a battery make?

Answer 10

Electrical energy.

Question 11

Describe the parts of a battery.

Answer 11

The cells have 2 ends called TERMINALS.

One terminal is POSITIVE, the other NEGATIVE.

Question 12

Describe how electrical energy travels inside a cell.

Answer 12

1. The CHEMICALS inside a cell give off ELECTRICAL energy.
2. This electricity flows from the NEGATIVE terminal to the POSITIVE terminal.
3. It moves very quickly.

Question 13

Explain how batteries make a torch work.

Answer 13

1. When the torch is switched ON, the CHEMICALS inside the cells of the battery give off electrical energy.
2. This electricity flows from the NEGATIVE terminal to the POSITIVE terminal.
3. It moves very quickly through the LIGHT BULB, which lights up and then flows back to the first cell.

Question 14

When does a cell not lose its energy?

Answer 14

If it is not CONNECTED to anything, the energy will not be transferred.

Question 15

What is a circuit?

Answer 15

It is a SYSTEM that TRANSFERS electrical energy to where it is needed.

Question 16

What is a system?

Answer 16

A system is made up of 2 or more parts.

These parts work TOGETHER to do something useful.

Question 17

What is an electrical system?

Answer 17

It is a CIRCUIT.

A circuit is a SYSTEM that TRANSFERS electrical energy to where it is needed.

Question 18

Create an electrical circuit and explain how it works.

Answer 18

Aim:
To build an electrical circuit to make a light bulb shine.

Materials:
Cell, electrical wire, light bulb; light bulb holder, switch.

HINT: Draw a sketch.

How it works:

1. Starting at the NEGATIVE terminal of the cell, electricity flows to the POSITIVE terminal.
2. From the POSITIVE terminal is flows through the WIRE.
3. From the WIRE it flows through the LIGHT BULB.
4. As it moves THROUGH the light bulb, the bulb LIGHTS UP.
5. From the light bulb, energy flows through the WIRE back to the NEGATIVE terminal.
6. The cycle starts again.

Conclusion:
When the circuit is CLOSED, the light bulb shines.
When the circuit is OPEN, the light bulb doesn’t shine.
A circuit must be closed so that energy can flow through it.

TAKE A LOOK AT DIAGRAM IN CLASSWORK / TEXTBOOK.

Question 19

When will a light bulb in a circuit STOP shining?

Answer 19

When the energy is used up (i.e. the cell/battery is flat) OR when the circuit is broken.

Question 20

What is a closed circuit?

Answer 20

A circuit is closed when it is CONNECTED and WORKING.

Question 21

What is an open circuit?

Answer 21

If there is a BREAK in the circuit, it is called an open circuit or SHORT circuit.