Cells Of Immune System Flashcards
(39 cards)
1
Q
B cells
A
- originate from bone marrow
- differentiate into plasma cells
2
Q
Cytotoxic t-cells
A
- mature in thymus
- kill cancer cells and virally infected cells
3
Q
Plasma cells
A
- from b cells
- make immunoglobulin (antibodies)
4
Q
Neutrophils
A
- aka Polymorphonuclear cells (PMN)
- In blood
- phagocytosis
5
Q
Monocytes
A
- in blood
- turn into macrophages in tissue
- phagocytosis
- largest leukocyte
- circulate 1-3 days
- 2-8%
6
Q
Platelets
A
Clotting
7
Q
Dendritic cells
A
- tell T cells what to attack
-aka Antigen-presenting cells
8
Q
Macrophage
A
- surrounds & kills microorganisms
- removes dead cells
- stimulates action of other immune system cells
- monocytes that traveled to tissue
9
Q
Mast cells
A
- help control other immune responses
- contain histamine, heparin, cytokines, and growth factors
10
Q
Natural killer cells
A
- granules w/ enzymes that kill tumor cells or virally infected cells
11
Q
Macrophage of kidney
A
Renal macrophage
12
Q
Macrophage of liver
A
Kupffer cell
(Express macrophage biomarkers)
13
Q
Macrophage of lungs
A
Alveolar macrophages
(In pulmonary alveolus and clean resp. Spaces)
14
Q
Macrophages in lymph nodes
A
- sinus hisiocytes
- immobile
- in medullary sinuses
15
Q
Macrophages in placenta
A
- hofbauer cells
- thought to prevent vertical transmission
16
Q
Macrophages in skin
A
- langerhans
- dendritic cells in skin & mucosa assc. W/ HIV, HPV, & LCH
17
Q
If a WBC type ends in -philia, -cytosis, -philic, this means
A
Increase in concentration
18
Q
If a WBC type ends in -penia, this means
A
Decrease in concentration
19
Q
Neutrophilia
A
- common in dogs
- caused by inflammation
20
Q
Normal neutrophil values in canines
A
3k-12k per microliter or 40-60%
21
Q
Neutropenia
A
- can happen due to wbc sticking to damaged bv walls, neutrophil destruction, reduced formation in bone marrow, adverse rxns to meds
22
Q
Eosinophilia
A
- common in dogs
- caused by allergies, antibodies, and parasitic infections (babesia canis)
23
Q
Normal canine eosinophil values
A
4%
24
Q
Eosinopenia
A
- common in dogs
- common rxn to stress or corticosteroids
25
Viruses that can cause transient neutropenia in dogs
-parvo
- distemper
26
Viruses that can cause transient neutropenia in cats
- panleukopenia
27
Viruses that can cause transient neutropenia in horses
- equine influenza
- equine viral arteritis
- equine herpesvirus
28
Viruses that can cause transient neutropenia in cattle
Bovine viral diarrhea
29
Viruses that can cause transient neutropenia in pigs
Classical swine fever, african swine fever
30
Basophils
- rare in domestic animals
- produce histamine and combat parasites
- normal conc. Is <1%
- basophilia uncommon, but can happen in heartworm disease
31
Normal lymphocyte conc in blood
20-40%
32
Lymphocytosis
- caused by hormones, immune system stimulation (i.e. leukemia, arthritis, etc)
33
Lymphopenia
- caused by corticosteroids, viral infections,hereditary diseases
34
Leukemia
Cancer w/ increased WBCs in blood
(Malignant)
35
Lymphoma
Cancer of WBCs that starts in lymph node or other lymphoid tissue. Systemic
(Can affect eye, skin, CNS, bone)
36
Malignant lymphoma
- common in dogs
- progressive, deadly
- causes are viral infection, environmental contamination w/ herbicides, magnetic field exposure, genetic abnormalities, immune syst. Dysfunction
- classifications: multicentric, alimentary, mediastinal, extranodal (kidneys, CNS, or skin)
-
-
37
Monocytes
- stored in spleen and marrow
- 100-1800 per microliter in dogs
- 0-850 per microliter in cats
38
Monocytosis
- assc w/ chronic inflammatory conditions, endocarditis, bacteriemia, corticosteroid/stress response
39
Monocytopenia
No diagnostic significance
