Cells, Organs & Populations

Question 1

How do plants make proteins from glucose?

Answer 1

By combining it with nitrate ions.

Question 2

Which of these might make the rate of diffusion increase?

Answer 2

A greater difference in concentration between the two areas.

Question 3

True or false? “Quadrats can be used with transects.”

Answer 3

True.

Question 4

The distribution of an organism is…

a) … What it eats.
b) … Where it’s found.
c) … How many individuals there are.

Answer 4

b) … Where it’s found.

Question 5

Which of these cells is specialised for reproduction?

1) red blood cell.
2) guard cell.
3) egg cell.

Answer 5

3) egg cell.

Question 6

True or false? “Increasing the temperature always causes the rate of photosynthesis to increase.”

Answer 6

False.

Question 7

True or false? “The starch in plants that’s created from glucose is insoluble.”

Answer 7

True.

Question 8

Give one difference between a bacterial cell and a yeast cell.

Answer 8

E.g. Bacterial cells don’t contain a nucleus, whereas yeast cells do.

Question 9

Explain what is meant by the term “cell differentiation”.

Answer 9

Cell differentiation is the process by which cells become specialised for a particular function.

Question 10

Name the supporting material that plants make using glucose. Which part of the cell is made using the material?

Answer 10

Cellulose. The cell wall.

Question 11

Which of these things are NOT used by plants to make proteins?
A) glucose.
B) nitrate ions.
C) lipids.

Answer 11

C) lipids.

Question 12

Palisade leaf cells are adapted for photosynthesis. Which of these characteristics would help them to carry out their specialised function?
A) having a thick cell wall.
B) containing lots of chloroplasts.
C) being situated at the bottom of a leaf.

Answer 12

B) containing lots of chloroplasts.

Question 13

What is a tissue?

Answer 13

A collection of similar cells that work together.

Question 14

True or false? “The amount of oxygen in the environment might affect where an organism lives.”

Answer 14

True.

Question 15

What is the function of a red blood cell?

Answer 15

To carry oxygen to the organs.

Question 16

Which of these parts are not found in a bacterial cell?
A) nucleus
B) cell membrane
C) cell wall

Answer 16

A) nucleus

Question 17

Diffusion is where particles spread out from…
A) … An area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
B) … An area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Answer 17

B) … An area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Question 18

True or false? “Photosynthesis is slower at night.”

Answer 18

True.

Question 19

What’s the function of mesophyll tissue?

Answer 19

It’s where photosynthesis happens.

Question 20

Explain why some dissolved substances are unable to enter cells by diffusion.

Answer 20

Some dissolved substances are too large to fit through the cell membrane, so cannot enter cells by diffusion.

Question 21

Suggest one way in which a sperm is adapted to carry out its specialised function.

Answer 21

E.g. It has a long tail / streamlined head to help it swim to an egg.

Question 22

Complete the equation for photosynthesis.
…………….
………………… + water = ……………………. + oxygen

Answer 22

Sunlight

Carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen

Question 23

You’ve counted the number of daisies in 5 sample areas using a quadrat. Describe how you would work out:
The mean number if daisies in a quadrat.
The median number of daisies in a quadrat.

Answer 23

Mean - divide the total number of daisies counted by the number of samples/quadrats (5).
Median - list the number of daisies counted to each sample/quadrat in order of size. The median is the middle value.

Question 24

Which of these is it a limiting factor of photosynthesis?
A) light
B) temperature
C) oxygen

Answer 24

C) oxygen.

Question 25

Where do most of the chemical reactions in a cell take place?

Answer 25

Cytoplasm.

Question 26

True or false? "Cells can get the substances they need through diffusion."

Answer 26

True.

Question 27

True or false? "As the level of carbon dioxide increases, the rate of photosynthesis will always increase."

Answer 27

False.

Question 28

When all the variables are controlled and a large sa,old size is used, the data is likely to be... A) ... Reproducible and valid. B) ... Reproducible but not valid. C) ... Valid but not reproducible.

Answer 28

A) ... Reproducible and valid.

Question 29

Chloroplasts... A) ... Strengthen a plant cell. B) ... Store genetic material of a cell. C) ... Absorb light energy to make glucose.

Answer 29

C) ... Absorb light energy to make glucose.

Question 30

How are red blood cells adapted to carry out their function?

Answer 30

They have a concave shape.

Question 31

True or false? "Organisms live in different habitats because they're better suited to certain environmental factors."

Answer 31

True.

Question 32

What is the difference in the functions of the small and large intestine?

Answer 32

The small intestine absorbs soluble food molecules but the large intestine absorbs water from undigested food, leaving faeces.

Question 33

Describe what a quadrat is and suggest how one can be used.

Answer 33

A quadrat is a square frame enclosing a know area. E.g. The organisms within the frame can be counted and this number can be compared to data taken from quadrats in other places.

Question 34

Name three types of tissue found I the stomach, and state the function of each type.

Answer 34

E.g. 1) Muscular tissue, to churn the stomach contents. 2) Glandular tissue, to produce digestive juices. 3) Epithelial tissue, to cover the outside and inside of the stomach.

Question 34

What is the function of cellulose?

Answer 34

To strengthen the cell walls in plants.

Question 35

What is the name for the process where perfume particles spread out in the air?

Answer 35

Diffusion.

Question 36

True or false? "Specialised cells only exist in animals."

Answer 36

False.

Question 37

What is a vacuole?

Answer 37

The space in a plant cell which is filled with cell sap.

Question 38

How can you make sure that data about the same distribution of organisms is valid?

Answer 38

Control all of the variables.

Question 39

Other than oxygen, what does photosynthesis produce?

Answer 39

Glucose.

Question 40

True or false? "A flower might be more common in the centre of a field than next to the hedges due to the amount of light."

Answer 40

True.

Question 41

True or false? "Organ systems work together to form organs."

Answer 41

False.

Question 42

Describe what happens to the rate of photosynthesis in a plant as the temperature increases.

Answer 42

As the temperature increases, photosynthesis increases initially. After a point, the enzymes needed for photosynthesis are damaged by the heat, so photosynthesis stops.

Question 43

Describe the roles of the following parts of a cell: Mitochondria. Ribosomes.

Answer 43

Mitochondria: where most of the reactions for respiration take place. Ribosomes are where protein synthesis takes place.

Question 44

Name the process by which the oxygen needed for respiration passes through cell membranes.

Answer 44

It moves across the cell membrane by diffusion.

Question 45

Which of these is yeast an example of? A) a bacterium. B) a cell without a nucleus. C) a single-celled organism.

Answer 45

C) a single-celled organism.

Question 46

What does glandular tissue do?

Answer 46

It makes and secretes chemicals.

Question 47

True or false? "Some particles can't diffuse across a cell membrane."

Answer 47

True.

Question 48

Some of the glucose from photosynthesis is used for... A) ... Transpiration. B) ... Respiration.

Answer 48

B) ... Respiration.

Question 49

How can you study the distribution of organisms in a way that will give reproducible results?

Answer 49

Use a large sample size.

Question 50

What happens in the ribosomes in a cell?

Answer 50

Proteins are produced.

Question 51

What is chlorophyll used for in photosynthesis?

Answer 51

Absorbing light energy.

Question 52

True or false? "Stems, roots and leaves are all plant organs."

Answer 52

True.

Question 53

Name two glands that are part of the digestive system.

Answer 53

The salivary glands and the pancreas.

Question 54

Explain what happens to the rate of photosynthesis if a plant is put into a dark place.

Answer 54

It will slow down because there will bells sunlight to provide light energy.

Question 55

How do plants make protein?

Answer 55

Glucose is combined with nitrate ions from the soil to make amino acids, which are made into proteins.

Question 56

Shaun wants to study the distribution of daffodils in a field. Suggest how he could do this.

Answer 56

E.g. He could use quadrats to compare the number of daffodils in areas of the field wit different conditions, e.g in a shaded area and a sunny area./He could use a transect to study how the number of daffodils varies across the field depending on the conditions, e.g from next to a hedge to the middle of a field.