Cells Part 2 ( Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Trasnport Across Cell Membrane) Flashcards

Question

What is diffusion

Answer 1

The movement of particles from a region of high concentration to an area of low concentration (down a concentration gradient) until evenly spread. The particles that pass through must be small, lipid soluble, and uncharged. It is a passive process that requires no input of energy in the form of ATP

Answer 2

It depends upon; - the membranes composition - Number of pores - Size of diffusing molecules - Whether its lipid soluble - Whether its polar Concentration gradient Temperature Sa Diffusion difference

Answer 3

the movement of particles down as concentration gradient using channel or carrier proteins. This is when the diffusion is evenly spread up by specific proteins in the cell membrane, however it can be limited by the number of proteins. Only energy used is kinetic energy that the molecule already has, its a passive processes. Occurs at channels on the membrane where there are special carrier molecules It occurs down the concentration gradient and doesn’t require energy. It transports substances, such as glucose, that aren’t lipid soluble

Answer 4

Take substances from one side to another

Answer 5

Protein pores that open and close

Answer 6

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a solution with a higher water potential to a solution with a lower water potential through a partially permeable membrane

Answer 7

Water potential, psi, is a measure of how easy it is for water to move. The more water molecules there are present the more easily they can move so the higher the water potential. Water potential is measured in units of pressure, usually kilopascals Distilled water has a greatest number of water molecules in a given volume as it is pure water- we say it has the water potential has 0. All other solutions will have a value less than 0- they will always be negative

Answer 8

Higher water potential Water enter cells- burts and swells Plant cells- turgid (cell wall)

Answer 9

Equal water potential so water neither enters nor leaves

Answer 10

Lower water potential Water leaves cell Shrinks Plants- plasmolysised

Answer 11

Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions into or out of the cell from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using ATP and carrier proteins 1. Molecule or ion being transported binds to receptor sites on the carrier protein 2. On the inside ATP binds to the carrier protein and splits into ADP and a phosphate molecule 3. The carrier protein changes shape and opens up on the opposite side, releasing the molecule/ion to the other side of the molecule 4. The phosphate molecule is released from the carrier protein, causing it to revert back to its original shape. ADP + Pi recombine during respiration to form ATP

Answer 12

2 different substances involving carrier proteins Uses atp Sodium ion and proton bind to protein Protein changes shape to move sodium ion and proton across cell membrane 1. Sodium ions actively transported from ileum cell to blood; 2. Maintains / forms diffusion gradient for sodium to enter cells from gut (and with it, glucose); 3. Glucose enters by facilitated diffusion with sodium ions;

Answer 13

1. The concentration of glucose 2. Temperature 3. Amount of protein channels/ carriers 4. Amount of co-transport proteins

Answer 14

1.Water potential of solution is less than / more negative than that of potato tissue; Allow Ψ as equivalent to water potential 2. Tissue loses water by osmosis

Answer 15

Membrane less rigid and more fluid Fit through openings in capillaries Attracted by chemicals for immune response - chemotaxis

Answer 16

Dilates blood vessels Increases permeability of capillary wall

Cells Part 2 ( Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Trasnport Across Cell Membrane) Flashcards

(41 cards)