Cells Study

Question 1

Protects and supports the cell

Answer 1

Cell Membrane

Question 2

Layer made of lipids in cell membrane

Answer 2

Phospholipid Bilayer

Question 3

Extra protection and support, found in Plant and Bacteria

Answer 3

Cell Wall

Question 4

Controls cell processes, has DNA

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

DNA wrapped around histones…

Answer 5

Chromatin

Question 6

Dense form of DNA, think of spaghetti

Answer 6

Chromosomes

Question 7

Makes proteins

Answer 7

Ribosomes

Question 8

Makes lipids for the cell membrane

Answer 8

Smooth ER

Question 9

Has ribosomes that make proteins

Answer 9

Rough ER

Question 10

Transports things, made of enzyme stacks

Answer 10

Golgi Body

Question 11

Garbage, makes things usable and has digestive enzymes

Answer 11

Lysosomes

Question 12

Stores materials like water, salt, etc.

Answer 12

Vacuole

Question 13

Use glucose to make energy -> ATP

Answer 13

Mitochondria

Question 14

Name of energy turning into ATP

Answer 14

Cell Respiration

Question 15

Use photosynthesis

Answer 15

Chloroplast

Question 16

Made of protein filaments, maintains cell shape and organelles are secured

Answer 16

Cytoskeleton

Question 17

Liquid inside the cell

Answer 17

Cytoplasm

Question 18

ALL cells have these 4 things

Answer 18

Cell membrane, ribosomes, DNA, and cytoplasm

Question 19

Phospholipid head is…

Answer 19

Polar and Hydrophilic

Question 20

Phospholipid tail is…

Answer 20

Nonpolar and Hydrophobic

Question 21

When the membrane only lets certain things in and out

Answer 21

Semipermeable or selectively permeable

Question 22

Examples of small things that are permeable

Answer 22

O2, CO2

Question 23

Examples of large things that are impermeable

Answer 23

Glucose, macros

Question 24

Difference between Passive and Active Transport

Answer 24

Passive: Doesn’t need ATP, high -> low
Active: Needs ATP, low -> high

Question 25

When water moves to be equal on both sides of the membrane

Answer 25

Dynamic equilibrium

Question 26

Three main types of Passive Transport

Answer 26

Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, and Osmosis

Question 27

Facilitated diffusion is…

Answer 27

When things use protein channels in the membrane to diffuse

Question 28

The movement of WATER in the membrane

Answer 28

Osmosis

Question 29

Protein channels specifically for water

Answer 29

Aquaporins

Question 30

Difference between Isotonic, Hypertonic, and Hypotonic

Answer 30

Isotonic: equal on both sides Hypertonic: cell shrivels up because water is higher inside, lower outside Hypotonic: Cell bursts because water is higher outside, lower inside

Question 31

Plants have this to keep them from bursting with water

Answer 31

Osmotic Pressure

Question 32

Two main types of Active Transport

Answer 32

Protein pumps and Endo/Exocytosis

Question 33

Active transport that uses membrane proteins

Answer 33

Protein pumps

Question 34

Endo/Exo cytosis

Answer 34

Endo: things come in and get “eaten” Exo: things exit, excrete waste

Question 35

Endocytosis for solids vs liquids

Answer 35

Solids: phagocytosis Liquids: pinocytosis

Question 36

Desmosomes…

Answer 36

STITCH cells together

Question 37

Tight Junctions

Answer 37

SEAl cells together

Question 38

Tight Junctions

Answer 38

SEAl cells together

Question 39

Gap Junctions

Answer 39

CONNECT CELLS together

Question 40

Gap junctions in plant cells

Answer 40

Plasmodesmata