Cells, Tissues and body organs

Question 1

cells function: Respiration

Answer 1

Cells require and absorb oxygen to produce heat and energy

Question 2

cells function: Growth

Answer 2

Cells grow to maturity by manufacturing proteins. they may then divide or specialsie

Question 3

cells function: Excretion

Answer 3

Waste products oass out throght the cell membrane

Question 4

Cell function: Irritability

Answer 4

Cells can respond to a physical, chemical or thermal stimulus

Question 5

Cell membrane

Answer 5

an outer coating which transports substances into and out of the cell

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

The control centre of the cell, regulating its general and specialist function.

Question 7

Ribosomes

Answer 7

Made RNA and protein, they manufacture other proteins

Question 8

rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 8

this manufactures, stores, and transports material within and outside of the cell.

Question 9

Mitochondria

Answer 9

situated in the cytoplasm, these supply the cell’s energy source

Question 10

Centrioles

Answer 10

Essential for cell division

Question 11

Lysosomes

Answer 11

Contain enzymes that digest worn-out parts of the cell for recycling and elimination of waste products

Question 12

Golgi apparatus

Answer 12

modifies and stores manufactured protein and transports it out of the cell

Question 13

Genes

Answer 13

coded instructions for making proteins and for cell function.

Question 14

The functions of connective tissue

Answer 14

-to provide structural support such as for bones and cartilage in the skeletal system
-to protect -the skull protects the brain
-to transports substances in the blood
-to insulate

Question 15

The main types of connective tissue are:

Answer 15

Cartilage
Adipose
Areolar
Bone
Blood

Question 16

Epithelial tissues

Answer 16

Epithelial tissue cover the body and line cavities, hollow organs, and tube. and also found in glands of the endocrine system

Question 17

The functions of the epithelial tissues are:

Answer 17

-protect underlying structures
-secrete
-absorb

Question 18

Simple types of epithelial tissues:

Answer 18

-simple cuboidal
-simple squamous
-simple columnar
-cilliated

Question 19

simple compound epithelium

Answer 19

consists of several layers of cells, the outer layer of which may be worn away.

Question 20

Keratinized compound epithelium

Answer 20

like our skin, the outer layers of cells are dead, flattened, and filled with a protein called keratin. this gives the tissue a waterproof outer layer.

Question 21

Striated (skeletal or voluntary) tissue

Answer 21

under conscious control, enabling us to move our bones

Question 22

Non-striated(smooth or involountary)

Answer 22

tissue is concerned with many internal body processes and functions such as peristalsis in the digestive system.

Question 23

cardiac tissue

Answer 23

found only in the heart wall.it is not under conscious control and never tires

Question 24

Contractability

Answer 24

the ability to shorten and thicken

Question 25

Extensibility

Answer 25

the abilty to strech

Question 26

Elasticity

Answer 26

the ability to return to its original shape following contraction

Question 27

Neurons

Answer 27

-specialised nerve cell that receives stimuli, converts it to a nerve impulse and transits this to other neurons, muscles, and glands. -consists of cell body, an axon and many dendrites

Question 28

Neuroglia

Answer 28

-support and protect the neurons -small and more numerous than neurones

Question 29

Brain

Answer 29

S: in the skull F:the nervous centre that controls all life functions

Question 30

Skin

Answer 30

A protective layer on the outer surface of the body

Question 31

Heart

Answer 31

S: situated in the central chest area F: circulates the blood to all tissues, which is essential for life.

Question 32

Lungs

Answer 32

S: located on either side of the heart. F:make the exchange of gases during respiration

Question 33

Liver

Answer 33

S: in the upper right of the abdomen f: involved in digestion and excretion of waste products

Question 34

Pancreas

Answer 34

S: behind the stomach F:secretes vital digestive enzymes

Question 35

Stomach

Answer 35

S: around the midline of the body, slightly to the left. F: important in digestion

Question 36

Large intestine

Answer 36

where water reabsorption takes place

Question 37

Small intestine

Answer 37

where the main food reabsorption takes place

Question 38

Kidneys

Answer 38

s: on either side of the body, above and slightly behind the large intestine. F: secrete urine, which is collected and stored in the bladder ready for excretion.

Question 39

Uterus and ovaries

Answer 39

S:situated in the lower of the abdomen F:involved in reproduction

Question 40

Testes

Answer 40

S: in the groin F:secrete testosterone and produce sperm