Cells & Tissues Lecture 2

Question 1

Arrangement of epithelium cells?

Answer 1

Continuous sheets, single or multiple layers

Question 2

Epithelium cells are held together by?

Answer 2

Cell junctions = tight junctions, adherens junctions, desmosome, gap functions (lateral), hemidesmosome (basal)

Question 3

Function of epithelial tissues?

Answer 3

Secretory (free surface), protection (abrasion), selective barrier (limit or aid transfer)

Question 4

Draw tight junction and label

Answer 4

Pic

Question 5

Draw adherens junction and label

Answer 5

Pic

Question 6

Draw gap junction and label

Answer 6

Pic

Question 7

Draw desmosome and label

Answer 7

Pic

Question 8

Draw hemidesmosome and label

Answer 8

Pic

Question 9

Cytoskeleton makeup?

Answer 9

Microfilaments - ACTIN -bundles beneath cell membrane and cytoplasm; strength, alter cell shape; link cytoplasm to membrane; tie cells together; muscle contraction
Intermediate filaments - KERATIN -Cytoskeleton strength; may move some materials through cytoplasm

Question 10

Junctional complex?

Answer 10

Tight junction + adherens junction + desmosome

Question 11

Basement membrane is made up of two things?

Answer 11

Basal lamina (just underneath the cells) secreted by the epithelial cells containing collagen, laminin, other proteoglycans, glycoproteins
Reticular lamina (underneath the basal lamina) produced by cells of the underlying connective tissue known as fibroblasts containing fibrous proteins such as fibronectin, collagen

Question 12

Epithelium contain _ but not _?

Answer 12

Nerves, blood vessels (avascular)

Question 13

Where does diffusion of nutrients and waste take place?

Answer 13

From the blood vessels in the connective tissue

Question 14

What are the functions of the basal membrane?

Answer 14

Supports overlying epithelium, provides a surface where epithelial cells migrate during growth and wound healing, acts as a physical barrier

Question 15

Melanoma stages…?

Answer 15

A = asymmetry
B = blood irregularity (rough edges)
C = colour
D = diameter > 6mm

Question 16

Two types of epithelial tissues?

Answer 16

Covering and lining epithelia, glandular epithelia

Question 17

Three types of arrangement for epithelial cells?

Answer 17

Simple, stratified, pseudostratified

Question 18

Four shapes of epithelial cells?

Answer 18

Squamous, cuboidal, columnar, transitional

Question 19

Simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 19

Secretion, filtration, diffusion
Endothelium lining blood vessels; Mesothelium visceral
cavity lining.
In Bowman’s capsule, inside eye, alveoli, visceral cavity linings, inside blood vessels and inside heart

Question 20

Simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 20

Secretion, absorption
Pancreas ducts; parts of kidney ducts; secretory chambers of
thyroid; lens surface; pigmented epithelium at posterior of retina

Question 21

Non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 21

Secretion, lubrication (mucus goblet cells), absorption
Microvilli (increased surface area), goblet cells
Gastrointestinal tract from stomach to anus ;
ducts of many glands; gall bladder

Question 22

Ciliated simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 22

Goblet cells, cilia help move mucus and foreign objects or oocytes
Some bronchioles, fallopian tubes, sinuses; central canal of spinal cord, ventricles of brain

Question 23

Non-Keratinised stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 23

Protection from abrasion, defence from microbes, require secretions
Mouth, throat, tongue, esophagus, anus, and vagina

Question 24

Keratinised stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 24

Dead (keratinised) skin cells sitting atop the living skin cells

Question 25

Stratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 25

Part of urethra, some large gland
ducts such as oesophageal glands, anal
mucosal membrane, part of conjunctiva
of the eye

Question 26

Stratified cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 26

Ducts of adult sweat glands, oesophageal

glands, male urethra

Question 27

Stratified transitional epithelium?

Answer 27

Bladder (some parts of ureter and

urethra)

Question 28

Non-ciliated psuedostratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 28

No cilia, no goblet cells, absorption and protection

Larger ducts of glands, epididymis, part of male urethra.

Question 29

Ciliated psuedostratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 29

Cilia, goblet cells, secretes mucus

Upper airway tracts

Question 30

Two types of glandular epithelia?

Answer 30

Endocrine, exocrine

Question 31

Endocrine gland?

Answer 31

Secrete directly into blood usually via traversing
interstitial fluid
Pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid

Question 32

Exocrine gland?

Answer 32

Secrete into ducts that empty onto the surface of a covering or lining epithelium
Sweat and salivary glands; oil glands; wax glands, pancreas