Cellular

Question 1

p53 and hypophosphorylated Rb

Answer 1

Normally inhibit G1 to S progression

Question 2

Permanent Cells

Answer 2

Remain in G0, regenerate from stem cells

Neurons, skeletal, cardiac and RBCs

Question 3

Stable (quiescent) Cells

Answer 3

Enter G1 from G0 when stimulated

hepatocytes and lymphocytes

Question 4

Labile Cells

Answer 4

Never go to G0. Divide rapidly with a short G1. Most affected by chemo
BM, Gut epithelium, skin, hair follicles, germ cells

Question 5

Nissl bodies

Answer 5

rER in neurons, synthesize peptide NTs

Question 6

Free Ribosomes

Answer 6

unattached to any membrane, site of synthesis of cytosolic and organellar proteins

Question 7

Site of syn of secretory proteins and of N-linked oligosaccharide addition to many proteins

Answer 7

rER

in mucus secreting goblet cells and small inestine and plasma cells

Question 8

site of steroid synthesis and detoxification of drugs and poisons

Answer 8

sER

found in liver hepatocytes and steroid-producing cells of adrenals and gonads

Question 9

Golgi modification

Answer 9

N-oligosaccharides on asparagine
O-oligosaccharides on serine and threonine
mannose-6-phos to proteins on way to lysosomes

Question 10

I cell disease

Answer 10

inclusion cell disease. inherited lysosomal storage disorder
defect in phosphotransferase thus decrease mannose-6-phosphate and proteins are delivered extracellularly instead of to lysosome

Question 11

coarse facial features, clouded corneas, restricted joint movement, and high plasma levels of lysosomal enzymes.

Answer 11

I cell disease. often fatal in childhood

Question 12

Signal recognition particle (SRP)

Answer 12

ribonucleoprotein, traffic protein from ribosome to rER.

Question 13

COPI

Answer 13

retrograde movement of proteins from golgi to golgi or golgi to ER

Question 14

COPII

Answer 14

anterograde Golgi to golgi or ER to Golgi

Question 15

Clathrin

Answer 15

trans-Golgi to lysosomes

plasma membrane to endosomes for receptor mediated endocytosis (LDL-R activity)

Question 16

Organelle to catabolize very-long-chain-FAs, branched chain FA and AA

Answer 16

peroxisome

Question 17

Proteasome

Answer 17

Barrel-shaped protein complex that degrades damaged of ubiquitin-tagged proteins
defects are implicated in Parkinson

Question 18

Dynein

Answer 18

retrograde to microtubule + to (-)

Question 19

Kinesin

Answer 19

anterograde to microtubule (-) to +

Question 20

Mebendazole

Answer 20

anti-helminthic acts on MTs

Question 21

Griseofulvin

Answer 21

anti-fungal that acts on MTs

Question 22

Colchicine

Answer 22

anti-gout that acts on MT assembly, decreases leukocyte migration
S/E: diarrhea, Liver toxicity and myelosuppression

Question 23

Vincristine

Answer 23

anti-cancer, inhibit formation of MTs by binding beta-tubulin, S/E is neurotoxicity

Question 24

Vinblastine

Answer 24

anti-cancer, inhibits formation of MTs by binding beta-tubulin, S/E is BM suppression

Question 25

Paclitaxel

Answer 25

anti-cancer, hyperstabilized microtubule polymer. | Mphase specific

Question 26

Kartagener Syndrome

Answer 26

primary ciliary dyskinesia dynein arm defect therefore immotile cilia infertility increased risk of ectopic pregnancy can cause: bronchiecstasis, recurrent sinusitis and situs inversus

Question 27

Ergosterol

Answer 27

in fungal membranes

Question 28

Stain Vimentin

Answer 28

Connective Tissue

Question 29

Stain Desmin

Answer 29

Muscle

Question 30

Stain Cytokeratin

Answer 30

Epithelial Cells

Question 31

Stain GFAP

Answer 31

Neuroglia

Question 32

Stain Neurofilaments

Answer 32

neurons

Question 33

Sodium-Potassium Pump

Answer 33

for each ATP consumed, 3Na out, 2K come in

Question 34

Ouabain

Answer 34

inhibits Na/K pump by binding to K site

Question 35

Use of digoxin

Answer 35

Atrial Fibrillation and CHF directly inhibits Na/K-ATPase leading to indirect inhibition of Na/Ca exchange to increase calcium and increase contractility

Question 36

Type I collagen

Answer 36

Most Common | bone, skin, tendon, dentin, fascia, cornea, late wound repair

Question 37

type I collagen defect

Answer 37

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Question 38

Type II Collagen

Answer 38

Cartilage, vitreous body, nucleus pulposus

Question 39

Type III Collagen

Answer 39

Reticulin - skin, blood vessels, uterus, fetal tissue, granulation tissue

Question 40

Defect in type II collagen

Answer 40

vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos

Question 41

Type IV Collagen

Answer 41

Basement Membrane, Basal Lamina, Lens

Question 42

Defect in Type IV Collagen

Answer 42

Alport | if autoantibodies to it - Goodpasture Syndrome

Question 43

Gly-X-Y

Answer 43

X and Y are proline or lysine for collagen collagen is 1/3 glycine

Question 44

Scurvy

Answer 44

Deficiency of vitamin C | hydroxylation of specific proline and lysine residues

Question 45

Problems forming triple helix

Answer 45

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Question 46

multiple fractures with minimal trauma, blue sclera, hearing loss, dental imperfections

Answer 46

Osteogenisis imperfecta type I

Question 47

Funniest Black and white duo TV show

Answer 47

Psych