Cellular Organisms Flashcards
(54 cards)
1
Q
Cell Shape:
Coccus
A
sphere shaped
2
Q
Cell Shape:
Bacillus
A
rod shaped
3
Q
Cell Shape:
Vibrio
A
noddle like/ curved shaped
4
Q
Cell Arrangement:
Staphyl
A
bunches
5
Q
Cell Arrangement:
Strepto
A
Chain/ string like
6
Q
Cell Shape:
Spirillum
A
7
Q
Eukaryotic Cells
A
- Many organelles
- Nucleus
- Type of organisms
- humans
- fungi
- animals
- protista
8
Q
Prokaryotic Cells
A
- not as many organelles
- no nucleus
- typical organisms
- bacteria
- archaea
- the only thing that they have in common is being prokaryotic
9
Q
Three Domains
A
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Eukaryotes
10
Q
Cell Arrangement:
Tetrads
A
Groups of Four
11
Q
Bacteria Coat themselves with ________
A
glycocalyx which is either a slime layer OR a capsule
12
Q
a “good” capsule is __ ___ ________ and __ _______
A
used for protection and to adhere
13
Q
if capsule blocked phagocytosis, ____
A
than the bacteria benifits the pathogen
14
Q
slime layer
A
less structured than capsule but still considered a glycocalyx. has maytrix and biofilm
15
Q
Phagocytes
Cell Type:
Function:
Example:
A
- wbc
- Engulf/destroy harmful stubstances
- netrophill and macrophages (both phagocytes but different)
16
Q
Virulence Factor
A
- any characteristic of pathogens that help it cause diseases such as a capsule OR a toxin the pathogen might produce
17
Q
Biofilm
A
- community of microbes that stick/adhere to surfaces
- organisms in biofilms that are less susceptible to anti-biotics than free-living organism
- very difficult to remove once established
18
Q
Bacteria have three major types of cell wall which is..
A
- Gram negative
- Gram Positive
- Acid Fast
19
Q
Gram- Negative Cells
A
- cell wall has both peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharides
- cell wall has a outter membrane
- thin layer of peptidoglycan
- cells inherently resist penicillin
20
Q
Drugs that Block peptidoglycan synthesis
A
penicillin
vancomycin
bactitracin
(all weaken cell calls ►bacteria die►drugs are considered antibiotics)
21
Q
Acid Fast Cell Walls
A
- 3rd type of cell wall
- waxy
- mycobacterium species- RAFB
- fast = color cant be rinsed out
22
Q
Genus
Mycobacterium
A
- afb- acid fast bacillus
- waxy cell wall
- resist desiccation
- example: m. tuberculosis
23
Q
peptidoglycan
A
complex polysaccharide that bacteria makes
24
Q
sphere shaped
A
Cell Shape:
Coccus
25
rod shaped
Cell Shape:
Bacillus
26
noddle like/ curved shaped
Cell Shape:
Vibrio
27
bunches
Cell Arrangement:
Staphyl
28
Chain/ string like
Cell Arrangement:
Strepto
29
spiral
Cell Shape:
Spirillum
30
1. Many organelles
2. Nucleus
3. Type of organisms
1. humans
2. fungi
3. animals
4. protista
Eukaryotic Cells
31
1. not as many organelles
2. no nucleus
3. typical organisms
1. bacteria
2. archaea
1. the only thing that they have in common is being prokaryotic
Prokaryotic Cells
32
1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukaryotes
Three Domains
33
Groups of Four
Cell Arrangement:
Tetrads
34
glycocalyx which is either a _slime layer_ **OR** a _capsule_
Bacteria Coat themselves with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
35
used for protection and to adhere
a "good" capsule is __ \_\_\_ ________ and __ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
36
than the bacteria benifits the pathogen
if capsule blocked phagocytosis, \_\_\_\_
36
than the bacteria benifits the pathogen
if capsule blocked phagocytosis, \_\_\_\_
37
1. wbc
2. Engulf/destroy harmful stubstances
3. netrophill and macrophages (both phagocytes but different)
Phagocytes
Cell Type:
Function:
Example:
37
less structured than capsule but still considered a glycocalyx. has maytrix and biofilm
slime layer
38
1. any characteristic of pathogens that help it cause diseases such as a capsule **OR** a toxin the pathogen might produce
Virulence Factor
39
1. community of microbes that stick/adhere to surfaces
2. organisms in biofilms that are less susceptible to anti-biotics than free-living organism
3. very difficult to remove once established
Biofilm
39
1. Gram negative
2. Gram Positive
3. Acid Fast
Bacteria have three major types of cell wall which is..
39
1. Gram negative
2. Gram Positive
3. Acid Fast
Bacteria have three major types of cell wall which is..
40
1. contains a cell wall of peptidoglycan
2. cell membrane
3. thick layer of peptidoglycan
Gram- Positive Cels
40
1. cell wall has both peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharides
2. cell wall has a outter membrane
3. thin layer of peptidoglycan
4. cells inherently resist penicillin
Gram- Negative Cells
40
penicillin
vancomycin
bactitracin
(all weaken cell calls ►bacteria die►drugs are considered antibiotics)
Drugs that Block peptidoglycan synthesis
40
1. 3rd type of cell wall
2. waxy
3. mycobacterium species- RAFB
4. fast = color cant be rinsed out
Acid Fast Cell Walls
40
1. afb- acid fast bacillus
2. waxy cell wall
3. resist desiccation
4. example: m. tuberculosis
Genus
Mycobacterium
41
acid fast bacillus
AFB
41
complex polysaccharide that bacteria makes
peptidoglycan
41
if capsule blocked phagocytosis, \_\_\_\_
than the bacteria benifits the pathogen
42
slime layer
less structured than capsule but still considered a glycocalyx. has maytrix and biofilm
43
Biofilm
1. community of microbes that stick/adhere to surfaces
2. organisms in biofilms that are less susceptible to anti-biotics than free-living organism
3. very difficult to remove once established
44
Bacteria have three major types of cell wall which is..
1. Gram negative
2. Gram Positive
3. Acid Fast
