Cellular Physiology

Question 1

Total body fluid volume

Answer 1

60% of the body weight

Question 2

Contents of the body fluid in percent

Answer 2

60% fluid
17% proteins
15% fats
1% carbohydrates
7% others

Question 3

Blood volume

Answer 3

8% of body weight

Question 4

Movement of molecules across cell membrane without using ATP

Answer 4

Passive transport

Question 5

Movement of solutes from high concentration gradient to lower concentration gradient

Answer 5

Simple/passive diffusion

Question 6

Movement of molecules from low to high concentration gradient that uses ATP

Answer 6

Active transport

Question 7

Example of passive diffusion

Answer 7

Across blood vessels

Gas exchange

Question 8

Example of facilitated diffusion

Answer 8

Glucose transport across cell membrane

Question 9

Cells in hypertonic solution

Answer 9

Shrinks

Question 10

Cells in hypotonic solution

Answer 10

Burst

Question 11

Example of isotonic solution

Answer 11

Saliva then becomes hypotonic

Question 12

Most important protein that increases osmotic pressure of the blood

Answer 12

Albumin

Question 13

Increase Hydrogen

Answer 13

Acidic

Question 14

Decrease hydrogen

Answer 14

Basic

Question 15

Example of active transport

Answer 15

Na-K pump
Proton pump
Exocytosis
Endocytosis

Question 16

pH of

1. Stomach
2. Blood and body tissues

Answer 16

1. 1 to 3 pH

2. 7. 35 to 7.45 pH

Question 17

Cells that produce HCl

Answer 17

Parietal cells

Question 18

Non-insulin dependent tissues

Answer 18

Brain, RBC, Intestines, Cornea, Kidney, Liver and Exercising skeletal muscles

Question 19

Most important buffer of blood plasma in ECF

Answer 19

Bicarbonate

Question 20

Buffer of blood plasma in ICF

Answer 20

Phosphate

Question 21

Other term for desmosomes

Answer 21

Macula adherens

Question 22

Cellular junction that forms a bridge that allows ion diffusion between cells

Answer 22

Gap junctions

Question 23

Cellular junction formed by connexons and connexins

Answer 23

Gap junctions

Question 24

Other term for tight junctions

Answer 24

Zona occludens

Question 25

Other term for adherens junction

Answer 25

Zona adherens

Question 26

Cellular junction that prevents leaking of substances

Answer 26

Tight junctions

Question 27

Cellular junction that prevent separation of epithelial cells during intestinal contraction

Answer 27

Adherens junction

Question 28

Cellular junction seen in Cardiac muscle cell

Answer 28

Gap junction | Desmosomes

Question 29

Gap junction found in junctional epithelium

Answer 29

Hemidesmosomes

Question 30

Enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates

Answer 30

Amylase

Question 31

Enzyme that breaks down fats

Answer 31

Lipase

Question 32

Enzyme that breaks down Protein

Answer 32

Trypsin

Question 33

Major duct of pancreas

Answer 33

Wirsung's duct

Question 34

Accessory duct of pancreas

Answer 34

Duct of santorini

Question 35

Contents of saliva

Answer 35

Minerals (calcium and phosphate)

Question 36

Salivary gland stones

Answer 36

Sialoliths

Question 37

Most common location of sialoliths

Answer 37

Warthon's duct

Question 38

Gland that is both endocrine & exocrine

Answer 38

Pancreas

Question 39

Example of Holocrine

Answer 39

Sebaceous gland

Question 40

Example of apocrine

Answer 40

Mammary gland

Question 41

Example of merocrine

Answer 41

Salivary gland

Question 42

Cells found in salivary glands

Answer 42

Basket cells or Myoepithelial cells

Question 43

Best example of unicellular gland

Answer 43

Goblet cells

Question 44

Ehlers Danlos Syndrome

Answer 44

Rubberman syndrome

Question 45

Muscle that causes difficulty in taking xray in mandibular molar

Answer 45

Mylohyoid muscle

Question 46

Muscle that divides the submandibular gland

Answer 46

Mylohyoid muscle

Question 47

Gland that produces the greatest amount of saliva

Answer 47

Submandibular gland

Question 48

Major duct of: a. Parotid gland b. Submandibular gland c. Sublingual gland

Answer 48

a. Stensen's duct b. Warthon's duct c. Bartholin's duct

Question 49

The only unencapsulated major salivary gland

Answer 49

Sublingual gland

Question 50

Stensen's duct location

Answer 50

Opens opposite maxillary 2nd molar

Question 51

Warthon's duct location

Answer 51

Opens in sublingual caruncle

Question 52

Salivary glands that are purely serous

Answer 52

Parotid gland | Glands of von ebner

Question 53

Glands of Blandin-Nuhn

Answer 53

Anterior lingual | Mixed but mostly serous

Question 54

Body tissue that lines and covers body surface and cavities

Answer 54

Epithelial

Question 55

Body tissue that protects, supports and binds body tissues together

Answer 55

Connective

Question 56

Body tissue for movement

Answer 56

Muscular

Question 57

Body tissue that receives stimuli and conducts impulses

Answer 57

Nervous

Question 58

Desmosomes (spot-weld like/macula adherens)

Answer 58

Epidermis | Cardiac muscle cells

Question 59

Hemidesmosomes

Answer 59

Basement membrane | Junctional epithelium

Question 60

Gap junctions

Answer 60

Connexins Nerve cells Cardiac muscle cells

Question 61

Nikolsky sign | Acantholysis

Answer 61

Pemphigus vulgaris

Question 62

Autoimmune disorder wherein the immune system destroys hemidesmosomes *blisters*

Answer 62

Bullous pemphigoid

Question 63

Glands of Von Ebner

Answer 63

Circumvallate papillae | Serous

Question 64

Palatine Glands

Answer 64

Posterolateral border of palate | Mucous

Question 65

Buccal and Labial Glands

Answer 65

Mucous