Cellular Respiration: How our body uses what we eat Flashcards
(48 cards)
_______________is stored in food due to the arrangement of the electrons in the bonds?
potential energy
Bonds must be ___________to release energy?
Broken
What are the two pathways of cellulular respiration?
- aerobic
- anaerobic
energy harvested is used to produce__________
ATP
the equation for aerobic respiration is?
: C6H12O6 + 6O2 ——————> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP
What role do redox reactions play in respiration?
transfer of electrons releases energy stored in organic molecules.
: C6H12O6 + 6O2 ——————> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy (ATP and heat)
is exergonic
energy is harvested in a _____manner?
stepwise
-electrons stripped from glucose at key steps in the process
e- don’t travel alone-travel with a proton=hydrogen atom
if glucose were oxidized all at once?
too much energy would be lost
Hydrogen atoms are not tranferred directly to oxygen. They are passed to ______________
electron carrier–NAD+ (NADH reduced)
What are the stages of cellular respiration?
- Glycolysis
- Pyruvate Oxidation and the Citric Acid Cycle
- Oxidative Phosphorylation
What is the equation for glycolysis?
glucose+2ATP+2NAD+—->2 pyruvate +4 ATP (2 NET) + 2NADH
- Pyruvate Oxidation and the Citric Acid Cycle
Pyruvate + Coenzyme A + NAD+ Acetyl CoA + CO2 + NADH Acetyl CoA + H2O + 3 NAD+ + FAD 2 CO2 + H2O +3 NADH + FADH2 + GTP (ATP)
Oxidative Phosphorylation
NADH + FADH2 + ½ O2 + ADP + Pi ATP + H2O + NAD+ + FAD
where does glycolysis take place?
cytosol
what happens during glycolysis?
glucose split into two molecules of pyruvate
How much ATP does glycolysis require? how much does it yield?
2, yields 4
net yield: 4 ATP
An enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a substrate molecule to ADP instead of using ______
pi
in image–products used in the next step
in Pyruvate Oxidation:
- Pyruvate enters the mitochondria through?
active transport
What reactions take place?
reactions take place – COO‐ is removed and given off as co2
– Remaining 2‐carbon molecule is oxidized :NADH
formed – Coenzyme A is added to form acetyl CoA (high potential energy)
Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs/TCA Cycle) consists of 8 steps–each step is catalyzed by a specific enzyme..
What kind of reactions?
where does it occur?
redox
mitochondrial matrix
one krebs cycle produces?
how many products are produced per glucose molecule?
2 CO2
1 GTP (ATP)
3 NADH
1 FADH2
2X that produced by one cycle
in the citric(krebs/TCA cycle) what is recycled?
coA and oxaloacetate
• Per glucose molecule…
– glycolysis + 2 ATP
– krebs+ 2 ATP TOTAL
= Net + 4 ATP