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Science > Cellular Study Guide > Flashcards

Cellular Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Multicellular Organism

A

An organism with more than one cells.

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2
Q

The Cell Theory

A
  1. All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
  2. Cells are the most basic unit of functions in an organism.
  3. All cells make new cells, or reproduce.
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3
Q

Specialized Cells.

A

Specialized cells are like transportation vehicles which can carry essential material to a place in the organism which it is needed the most.

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4
Q

An organism consists of:-

A

Organism->Organ System->Organ->Tissue->Cell

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5
Q

Organism

A

An organism is a creature which contains similar chemicals as any other species, can reproduce, grow, develop, is been metabolized and responds to a stimulus such as change in the weather.

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6
Q

Organ System

A

An organ system is made up of more than one organ provide involuntary action to keep the body protected.

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7
Q

Organs

A

Organs are parts of an organism that are coded to operate a specific function in and organism to help it survive.

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8
Q

Tissue

A

Tissue is a very soft substance which makes most organs and provides specific action to the organ to able for its stability and survival.

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9
Q

Cell

A

A cell is the most basic part of an organism.

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10
Q 
Examples of:-
Cell-
Tissue-
Organ-
Organ System-
Organism-
A 
Cell- Nerve Cell
Tissue- Nerve Tissue
Organ- Brain
Organ System- Nervous System
Organism- Dog
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11
Q

Element

A

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means.

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12
Q

Compounds

A

A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio, or proportion.

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13
Q

4 organic compounds found in cells.

A
  1. Carbohydrates
  2. Proteins
  3. Lipids
  4. Enzymes
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14
Q

Organic Compounds

A

Organic compounds are the compounds which contain Carbon. Such as- Carbohydrate, Proteins, Lipids and Fat.

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15
Q

Inorganic compounds

A

Inorganic Compounds are the compounds which do not contain Carbon. Such as- Water, Table Salt.

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16
Q

The most necessary inorganic compounds that cells need.

A

The most essential inorganic compounds cells need to survive is- Water.

17
Q

Water in Cells.

A

Most of the actions taken in the cells need substances which are garden teed to be dissolved in water.

18
Q

Plant Cells

A 
Plant cells are made of-
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Chromosomes
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Chloroplast
19
Q

Animal Cell

A 
An animal cell is made of-
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Chromosomes
Lysosomes
Cell Membrane
20
Q

Cell Wall

A

The cell wall in plant cells provide the strength and thickness of the organisms stem or the outer layer. This protects the insides from damaging. Therefore, trees have a thick and hard trunk.

21
Q

Ribosomes

A

Ribosome can be found in both, animal and plant cells. It holds the RNA in place so, the amino acids canto dulce proteins.

22
Q

Nucleus

A

The nucleus in the animal and plant cells works as the brain of the cell. The nucleus contains the DNA which is contained with special codes or language for the cell to proceed certain actions.

23
Q

Mitochondria

A

The mitochondria in both, plant and animal cells does the work of breaking protein carbohydrate, lipids, enzymes and other organic material to produce energy for the cell to use.

24
Q

Organelles work

A

The organelles in the cell help the cell react and perform specific and difficult jobs to survive in an organism.

25
Q

The characteristics of living things is:-

A 
Grow
Develop
Reproduce
Metabolism
Responds to Stimuli
Contains one or more cells.
26
Q

The four needs for an organism to survive are:-

A

Shelter
Food
Water
Metabolism

27
Q

Autotrophs

A

Autotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food.

28
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Heterotrophs can not make their own good. Therefore, they are consumers and feed of other organism for survival.

29
Q

Sexual Reproduction

A

A way of reproducing sexually or with two parents of two different genders.

30
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

A way of reproducing with one parent and with very exact genes.

31
Q

Unicellular Organism

A

An organism with only one cell.

32
Q

The structure of DNA and RNA

A

A DNA is a double helix.

A RNA is a single helix.

33
Q

DNA and RNA

A

DNA consists of the instruction manual for all actions in the cell.
With the help of DNA, RNA is transferred out of the nucleus to produce proteins.

34
Q

Nitrogen Bases Pair:-

A

DNA:-
Adenine->Thymine
Cytosine->Guanine

RNA:-
Adenine->Uracil
Cytosine->Guanine

35
Q

Gene

A

A gene is approximately between 100-1,000 nitrogen bases paired up, which is the recipe for a single specific protein.

36
Q

The DNA replication

A

In DNA replication:-

  1. The DNA molecule unwinds and separate, like a zipper unzipping, between the nitrogen bases.
  2. Nitrogen bases in the nucleus pair up with the bases on each half of the DNA.
  3. The cell develops and becomes and individual cell, apart so the body.
37
Q

Genetic Information

A

Cell->Nucleus->chromosome->gene->DNA
The genetic information is stored in the DNA. Therefore, a gene is the part which provides you yo look like your mother or father.

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