cellular transport

Question 1

what part of the cell controls what enters and leaves the cell?

Answer 1

cell membrane

Question 2

cells transport materials in and out in order to maintain an internal balance, which is also known as ______?

Answer 2

homeostasis

Question 3

what is the main component of the cell membrane?

Answer 3

phospholipids

Question 4

what are the two parts of the cell membrane?

Answer 4

phosphate heads and fatty acid tails

Question 5

what are the channels/pumps throughout the cell membrane made of?

Answer 5

proteins

Question 6

what category of cell transport does not require any energy?

Answer 6

passive transport

Question 7

what category of cell transport can only occur with the input of ATP energy?

Answer 7

active energy

Question 8

what direction does passive transport move molecules?

Answer 8

along the concentration gradient

Question 9

passive transport moves substances from _______ to _______ concentrations

Answer 9

high to low

Question 10

what direction does active transport move molecules?

Answer 10

against the concentration gradient

Question 11

active transport moves substances from ______ to _________ concentrations

Answer 11

low to high

Question 12

what are three types of passive transport

Answer 12

facilitated diffusion, (simple) diffusion, osmosis

Question 13

what are three types of active transport?

Answer 13

protein pump, endocytosis, exocytosis

Question 14

what is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

Answer 14

facilitated diffusion requires energy and (simple) diffusion does not

Question 15

what does osmosis do?

Answer 15

moves water

Question 16

facilitated diffusion and protein pumps both use proteins. what is the main difference between the two?

Answer 16

protein pumps requires energy but energy is not required for protein pumps

Question 17

what is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

Answer 17

endocytosis moves into the cell, exocytosis moves out of the cells.

Question 18

water always moves to where there is more _____?

Answer 18

solute

Question 19

the area with the higher solute concentration is known as ____?

Answer 19

hypertonic

Question 20

the area with the lower solute concentration is known as ____?

Answer 20

hypotonic

Question 21

what do water molecules do if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?

Answer 21

move out of the cell

Question 22

what will happen to the size of a cell that is placed in a hypertonic solution?

Answer 22

it will shrink

Question 23

what do water molecules do if a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Answer 23

go into the cell

Question 24

what will happen to the size of a cell that is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Answer 24

it will swell (or burst)

Question 25

what do water molecules do if a cell is placed in an isotonic solution?

Answer 25

they move in and out at equal rates (nothing changes)

Question 26

large wastes or cell products are released fro inside to outside the cell

Answer 26

exocytosis

Question 27

diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane

Answer 27

osmosis

Question 28

the transport of particles which requires the use of energy

Answer 28

active transport

Question 29

a state reached when particles continue to move but in equal amounts in and out of the cell

Answer 29

dynamic equilibrium

Question 30

large particles are surrounded by the membrane and taken into the cell

Answer 30

endocytosis

Question 31

movement of any particles from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration, with the concentration gradient

Answer 31

diffusion

Question 32

the transport of particles which does not require energy

Answer 32

passive transport

Question 33

the structure most responsible for maintaining cell homeostasis is the ____.

Answer 33

plasma (cell) membrane

Question 34

the plasma (cell) membrane is made up of a ________.

Answer 34

phospholipid bilayer

Question 35

diffusion continues until _____________.

Answer 35

equilibrium is reached

Question 36

if a cell is placed in salt water, water leaves the cell by ________.

Answer 36

osmosis

Question 37

a cell moves particles from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration by ________________.

Answer 37

active transport

Question 38

keeping a stable enviornment inside of the cell

Answer 38

homeostasis

Question 39

very important structure that all cells contain; controls what goes in and out, which helps maintain homeostasis

Answer 39

cell membrane

Question 40

what is the cell membrane made of?

Answer 40

phospholipid bilayer (2 layers)

Question 41

is phospholipid head polar or nonpolar?

Answer 41

polar

Question 42

is the phospholipid tails (2 tails) polar or nonpolar?

Answer 42

nonpolar

Question 43

what type of transport requires no energy?

Answer 43

passive transport

Question 44

what type of transport requires energy? (ATP)

Answer 44

active energy

Question 45

simple diffusion moves with the ______________________.

Answer 45

concentration gradient

Question 46

molecules move from a high concentration to a low concentration in this process

Answer 46

simple diffusion

Question 47

proteins that are embedded in the cell membrane

Answer 47

transport proteins

Question 48

what do transport proteins do?

Answer 48

they help with molecules that may be to big to cross the cell membrane on their own

Question 49

no energy or help from proteins is required to move small molecules in this kind of transport

Answer 49

(simple) diffusion

Question 50

proteins must help large molecules such as sugar and fat pass through the membrane, but no energy is needed

Answer 50

facilitated diffusion

Question 51

there is a higher concentration of salt outside the cell than inside. (salt comes into the cell without help from proteins)

Answer 51

(simple) diffusion

Question 52

energy is needed to help move substances into the cell

Answer 52

active transport

Question 53

water moves into the cell through this process

Answer 53

osmosis

Question 54

there is a higher concentration of a substance inside the cell than outside, but the cell continues to bring it inside anyways

Answer 54

active transport

Question 55

which part of the cell is most responsible for maintaining homeostasis?

Answer 55

cell membrane

Question 56

which category of transport does not require energy?

Answer 56

passive transport

Question 57

which category of transport requires energy?

Answer 57

active transport

Question 58

molecules move from a __________ to a ______________ concentration in passive transport.

Answer 58

high to low

Question 59

molecules move from a ___________ to a __________ concentration in active transport.

Answer 59

low to high

Question 60

the three types of passive transport:

Answer 60

1. (simple) diffusion 2. facilitated diffusion 3. osmosis

Question 61

active transport that brings very large molecules into the cell

Answer 61

endocytosis

Question 62

active transport that moves very large molecules out of the cell

Answer 62

exocytosis

Question 63

this is a description of the cell membrane that means it lets some things in while keeping other things out

Answer 63

selectively permeable

Question 64

term that means a stable internal balance

Answer 64

homeostasis

Question 65

what the cell membrane is made of (means 2 layers)

Answer 65

phospholipid bilayer

Question 66

part of a phospholipid that is polar/water loving

Answer 66

head

Question 67

part of a phospholipid that is non-polar/water hating

Answer 67

tail

Question 68

type of transport that moves larger molecules from high to low concentrations, but requires the assistance of transport proteins

Answer 68

facilitated diffusion

Question 69

type of passive transport that moves water molecules through the cell membrane

Answer 69

osmosis

Question 70

type of transport that moves small, nonpolar molecules through the phospholipid bilayer from a high concentration to a low concentration without transport proteins

Answer 70

(simple) diffusion

Question 71

type of energy that is required for active transport to occur

Answer 71

ATP energy

Question 72

is osmosis, water moves to the ____________ side

Answer 72

hypertonic

Question 73

if red blood cells are exposed to a hypotonic solution, they will _______

Answer 73

swell

Question 74

the best solution for a person's IV is a solution that is ____________ to their blood plasma

Answer 74

isotonic

Question 75

higher amount of solute, lower amount of water

Answer 75

hypertonic

Question 76

lower amount of solute, higher amount of water

Answer 76

hypotonic

Question 77

solute concentrations inside and outside are the same

Answer 77

isotonic

Question 78

water molecules move to a higher concentration of ____________

Answer 78

solute

Question 79

water molecules move to a lower concentration of _________

Answer 79

water

Question 80

water always move from the ____________ area to the ___________ area

Answer 80

hypotonic to hypertonic