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Cement Flashcards

FT quiz 1 (71 cards)

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1
Q

instant glue (just add water)

A

PORTLAND CEMENT

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2
Q

bonds
aggregates together

A

PORTLAND CEMENT

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3
Q

hydraulic cements composed primarily of
hydraulic calcium silicates

A

PORTLAND CEMENT

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4
Q

PORTLAND CEMENT are hydraulic cements composed primarily of
_____________

A

Hydraulic Calcium Silicates

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5
Q

set and harden by reacting chemically with water

A

HYDRAULIC CEMENTS

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6
Q

uses of Portland Cement

A

-to make Portland cement concrete
-stabilizing soil
-aggregate bases for highway

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7
Q

they are concerned with the selection,
specification, and quality control of civil engineering projects
should understand the production, chemical composition,
hydration rates, and physical properties of portland cement.

A

MATERIAL SPECIALISTS

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8
Q

MATERIAL SPECIALISTS

A

should understand the production, chemical composition, hydration rates, and physical properties of portland cement.

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9
Q

Production of portland cement starts with two basic raw
ingredients:

A

calcareous and argillaceous

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10
Q

is a calcium oxide, such
as limestone, chalk, or oyster shells.

A

Calcareous Material

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11
Q

Examples of Calcareous Material

A

limestone, chalk, oyster shells

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12
Q

is a combination of
silica and alumina that can be obtained from clay, shale, and
blast furnace slag.

A

Argillaceous Material

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13
Q

where can Argillaceous material be obtained from

A

clay, shale, blast furnace slag

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14
Q

use a heat
recovery cycle to preheat the ground material

A

MODERN DRY PROCESS CEMENT PLANTS

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15
Q

Modern dry process cement plants use a ____________ to preheat the ground material

A

HEAT RECOVERY CYCLE

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16
Q

The _________ are melted at temperatures of
1400°C to 1650°C, changing the raw materials into cement
clinker

A

raw materials

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17
Q

The raw materials are melted at temperatures of
____________, changing the raw materials into cement
clinker

A

1400°C to 1650°C

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18
Q

The raw materials are melted at temperatures of
1400°C to 1650°C, changing the raw materials into __________

A

CEMENT CLINKER

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19
Q

In the grinding mill, clinker is ground so fine that nearly
all of it passes through a ________
sieve.

A

45mm (No.325 mesh)

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20
Q

TYPES OF PORTLANT CEMENT

A

TYPE 1 - NORMAL
TYPE 2 - MODERATE SULFATE RESISTANCE
TYPE 3 - HIGH EARLY STRENGTH
TYPE 4 - LOW HEAT OF HYDRATION
TYPE 5 - HIGH SULFATE RESISTANCE

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21
Q

General concrete work when the special
properties of other types are not needed.
Suitable for floors, reinforced concrete
structures, pavements, etc.

A

TYPE 1 - NORMAL

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22
Q

Protection against __,
0.1-0.2% weight water soluble sulfate in soil.
Can be specified with a moderate heat of
hydration, making it suitable for large piers,
heavy abutments, and retaining walls. The
moderate heat of hydration is also
beneficial when placing concrete in warm
weather.

A

TYPE 2 - MODERATE SULFATE RESISTANCE

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23
Q

Protection against moderate sulfate exposure,
______ weight water soluble sulfate in soil.

A

0.1-0.2%

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24
Q

Used for fast track construction when forms
need to be removed as soon as possible or
structure needs to be put in service as soon
as possible. In cold weather, reduces time
required for controlled curing.

A

TYPE 3 - HIGH EARLY STRENGTH

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25
Used when mass of structure, such as large dams, requires careful control of the heat of hydration.
TYPE 4 - LOW HEAT OF HYDRATION
26
Used in concrete exposed to severe sulfate action, 0.2- 2.0% weight water soluble sulfate in soils. -- principally where soils or groundwaters have a high sulfate content.
TYPE 5 - HIGH SULFATE RESISTANCE
27
only cementitious material in concrete
BLENDED CEMENT
28
can be used in combination with other supplementary cementitious materials
BLENDED CEMENT
29
PRIMARY MATERIALS
-PORTLAND CEMENT -GROUND GRANULATED BLAST-FURNACE SLAG -FLY ASH -SILICA FUME -CALCINED CLAY -OTHER POZZOLANS -HYDRATED LIME -PREBLENDED COMBI OF MATERIALS
30
Blended hydraulic cements must conform to the ________(Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements)
ASTM C 595
31
TYPES OF BLENDED HYDRAULIC CEMENT
TYPE IS - (PORTLAND BLAST-FURNACE SLAG CEMENT) TYPE IP AND P - (PORTLAND-POZZOLAN CEMENT) TYPE I(PM) - (POZZOLAN-MODIFIED PORTLAND CEMENT) TYPE S - (SLAG CEMENT) TYPE I(SM) - SLAG-MODIFIED PORTLAND CEMENT
32
Used in general concrete construction. between 25% and 70% by mass.
TYPE IS - PORTLAND BLAST-FURNACE SLAG CEMENT
33
may be used for general construction The pozzolan content of these cements is between 15% and 40% by mass
TYPE IP (PORTLAND-POZZOLAN CEMENT)
34
is used in construction not requiring high early strengths. The *** content of these cements is between 15% and 40% by mass
TYPE P (POZZOLAN CEMENT)
35
Used in general concrete construction. The cement is manufactured by combining portland cement or portland blast furnace slag cement (Type IS) and a fine pozzolan. The pozzolan content is less than 15% by mass of the finished cement.
TYPE I(PM) POZZOLAN-MODIFIED PORTLAND CEMENT
36
Used with portland cement in making concrete or with lime in making mortar, but is not used alone in structural concrete. The minimum slag content is 70% by mass of the slag cement.
TYPE S (SLAG CEMENT)
37
Used for general concrete construction. Slag is less than 25% by mass of the finished cement.
TYPE I(SM) - SLAG-MODIFIED PORTLAND CEMENT
38
Set and harden by reacting chemically with water.
HYDRAULIC CEMENT
39
Maintain their stability underwater
HYDRAULIC CEMENT
40
Used in all aspects of concrete construction
HYDRAULIC CEMENT
41
HYDRAULIC CEMENT Must conform to _____ (Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cements)
ASTM C 1157
42
TYPES OF HYDRAULIS CEMENT
TYPE GU (GENERAL USE) TYPE HE (HIGH EARLY STRENGTH) TYPE MS (MODERATE SULFATE RESISTANCE) TYPE HS (HIGH SULFATE RESISTANCE) TYPE MH (MODERATE HEAT OF HYDRATION) TYPE LH (LOW HEAT OF HYDRATION)
43
general purpose cement suitable for all uses where the special properties of other types are not required
TYPE GU (GENERAL USE)
44
Provides higher strengths at an early age, usually a week or less. It is used in the same manner as Type III portland cement
TYPE HE (HIGH EARLY STRENGTH)
45
Used where precaution against moderate sulfate attack is important, as in drainage structures where sulfate concentrations in ground waters are higher than normal but not unusually severe. It is used in the same manner as Type II portland cement
TYPE MS (MODERATE SULFATE RESISTANCE)
46
Used in concrete exposed to severe sulfate action principally where soils or ground waters have a high sulfate content. It is used in the same manner as Type V portland cement
TYPE HS (HIGH SULFATE RESISTANCE)
47
Used where the concrete needs to have a moderate heat of hydration and a controlled temperature rise. Used in the same manner as a moderate heat Type II portland cement
TYPE MH (MODERATE HEAT OF HYDRATION)
48
Used where the rate and amount of heat generated from hydration must be minimized. It develops strength at a slower rate than other cement types. Type __ cement is intended for use in massive concrete structures where the temperature rise resulting from heat generated during hardening must be minimized. It is used in the same manner as Type IV portland cement
TYPE LH (LOW HEAT OF HYDRATION)
49
RAW MATERIALS USED TO MANUFACTURE PORTLAND CEMENT
LIME, SILICA, ALUMINA, IRON OXIDE
50
in the kiln restructures the molecular composition producing four main compounds.
CALCINATION
51
when hydrated, provide the desired characteristics of the concrete.
C3S (TRICALCIUM SILICATE) AND C2S (DICALCIUM SILICATE)
52
PROPERTIES OF CEMENT
1. FINENESS 2. DENSITY AND RELATIVE DENSITY 3. SOUNDNESS 4. CONSISTENCY 5. SETTING TIME 6. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH 7. HEAT OF HYDRATION 8. LOSS IN IGNITION
53
The finer the cement, the larger the surface area and faster the hydration.
FINENESS
54
STARTS AT THE SURFACE OF CEMENT PARTICLES
HYDRATION
55
The maximum size of cement is _____ where 85%-95% are smaller than 0.045mm, and the average diameter is 0.01mm.
0.09mm
56
not an indication of the cement’s quality; its principal use is in mixture proportioning calculations.
DENSITY OF CEMENT
57
Ability to retain its volume after setting.
SOUNDNESS
58
limits autoclave expension to 0.8%.
ASTM 150
59
after setting, caused by delayed or slow hydration or other reactions, could result if the cement is unsound.
EXPANSION
60
after setting, caused by delayed or slow hydration or other reactions, could result if the cement is unsound.
CONSISTENCY
61
Refers to stiffening of the cement paste or change from plastic state to soild state.
SETTING YIME
62
Measured by preparing 50-mm cubes and subjecting them to compression. The mortar is prepared with cement, water, and standard sand.
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
63
Heat generated when cement and water REACT
HEAT OF HYDRATION
64
FIRST PEAK SHOWN IN HEAT PROFILE
HEAT OF WETTING
65
Determined by heating a cement sample of known weight to between 900°C and 1000°C until a constant weight is obtained.
LOSS IN IGNITION
66
is what makes the hydrated cement paste strong, the ultimate strength of the concrete is enhanced by increasing the content of C2S relative to the amount of C3S.
Calcium Silicate Hydrates
67
The cement paste will remain workable for about ______, thereafter, the paste starts to stiffen as crystals displace the water in the pores.
45 MINUTES
68
The paste solidifies with ______s after water is added to the cement.
2 TO 4 HRS
69
The balance of aluminate to sulfate determines the ________
RATE OF SETTING (SOLIDIFICATION
70
In 1918, ______found that the ratio of the weight of water to the weight of cement, water cement ratio, influences all the desirable qualities of concrete.
DUFF A. ABRAMS
71
_______, such as fly ash, slag, silica fume, and natural pozzolans, have been used as admixtures in recent years to alter some of the properties of portland cement
SUPPLEMENTARY CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS (SCM)

CMT (2 decks)

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