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Nerves > Cental Nervous System > Flashcards

Cental Nervous System Flashcards

0
Q

The CNS include

A

Brain

Spinal cord

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1
Q

CNS

A

Central nervous system

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2
Q

Brain & Spinal functions

A
  • integration; command centre
  • interpretation of incoming sensory information
  • outgoing instructions
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3
Q

PNS stands for

A

Peripheral nervous system

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4
Q

PNS

A

Nerves extending from the brain and spinal cord, sensory receptors, ganglia (serve as communication lines)

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5
Q

Spinal nerves

A

Carry impulses to and from the spinal cord

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6
Q

Cranial nerves

A

Carry impulses to and from the brain

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7
Q

Sensory (afferent) division

A

Nerve fibres that carry information to from the central nervous system

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8
Q

Motor (efferent) division

A

Nerve fibres that carry impulses away from the central nervous system

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9
Q

Autonomic fibres

A

Organs, glands

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10
Q

Somatic fibres

A

Skeletal muscle

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11
Q

Two subdivisions

A
  • somatic nervous system

- autonomic nervous system

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12
Q

Somatic nervous system-voluntary

A

Conscious control of skeletal muscles

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13
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Autonomic control of smooth and cardiac muscles and glands

  • sympathetic
  • parasympathetic
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14
Q

Support cells in the CNS

A

Neuroglia

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15
Q

Types of cells in the CNS

A
  • Astrocytes
  • Microglia
  • Ependymal cells
  • Oligodendrocytes
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16
Q

Astrocytes

A
  • Abundant, star-shaped cells
  • Brace neurons
  • Form barrier between capillaries neurons
  • Control the chemical environment
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17
Q

Microglia

A
  • Spider like phagocytes

- Dispose of debris

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18
Q

Microglial cells

A

Are phagocytes that defend CNS cells

19
Q

Ependymal Cells

A
  • Line cavities of the brain and spinal cord

- Cilia assist with production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid

20
Q

Ependymal cells line

A

Cerebrospinal fluid-filled cavities

21
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A
  • Wrap around nerve fibres in central nervous system (CNS)
  • Produce myelin sheaths
    • Fatty protective layer around axons
22
Q

Oligodendrocytes have

A

-Processes that form myelin sheaths around CNS nerve fibres

23
Q

Support cells in the PNS

A
  • Satellite cells

- Schwann cells

24
Q

Satellite cells

A

-Protect neuron cell bodies in ganglia

25
Q

Schwann cells

A

-Form myelin sheath in the PNS

26
Q

Satellite cells and Schwann cells (which form myelin)

A

Surround neurons in the PNS

27
Q

Neurons= nerve cells specialized to

A

-Generate and transmit messages (action potentials)

28
Q

Major regions of neurons

A
  • Cell body= nucleus and metabolic centre of the cell

- Processes= fibres that extend from the cell body

29
Q

The Nervous cell processes are

A
  • Dendrites (nervous may have hundreds of dendrites)

- Axons (nervous have only one axon arising from the cell body at the axon hillock)

30
Q

Dendrites job is

A

-Conduct impulses toward the cell body

31
Q

Axons job is

A

-Conduct impulse away from the cell body

32
Q

What is an axon made of?

A

End in Axon terminals which contain vesicles with a neurotransmitter and are separated from the next neuron by a synaptic cleft.

33
Q

What is a synapse

A

Junction between neurons

34
Q

Most neuron cell bodies are found in the

A

Central nervous system (CNS)

35
Q

Gary matter are found in

A

-Cell bodies and in unmyelinated fibres

36
Q

Nuclei are found in

A

-Clusters of cell bodies within the Central Nervous System

37
Q

Ganglia are found in

A

-Clusters of cell bodies outside the Central Nervous System

38
Q

Tracts are

A

-bundles of nerve fibres (axons) in the central nervous system

39
Q

Nerves are

A

-Bundles of nerve fibres (axons) in the PNS

40
Q

White matter is

A

-Collections of myelinated fibres

41
Q

Cutaneous function

A

-sense organs

42
Q

Proprioceptors function

A

Detect stretch or tension

43
Q

Muscle spindles

A

Located in muscle

44
Q

Golgi tendon organs

A

located in tendon

Nerves (1 decks)

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