Central Nervous System drugs Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is Central Nervous System?
The integration and command center of the body
What is Central Nervous System drugs?
- Medicines that affect the central nervous system (CNS).
- It is used for psychiatric disorders, suppression of seizures, relief of pain, production of anesthesia.
What is the treatment for Narcolepsy?
Modafinil
What drug is given to increase child’s attention span and cognitive performance?
Methylprenidate
Stimulant used to stimulate respiration?
Analeptics: Xanthine
What is the treatment for respiratory depression caused by drug overdose an COPD?
Doxapram
If a patient is COPD, how many liters of oxygen should be given?
Only 3 liters of oxygen. The patient will loose their respiration drive if more oxygen is given.
Shuffling, short stepped gait is a characteristic of what disease?
Parkinson’s Disease
What will happen if there is a smaller substantia nigra?
There will be lesser dopamine which leads to less inhibitory neurotransmitter which makes acetylcholine
What drug helps levodopa remain in the bloodstream for longer?
Carbidopa
What is an anti-viral medication that promotes dopamine release as a side effect?
Amantadine
What are the drugs given to a newly diagnose patient to Parkinson’s Disease because it prevents dopamine breakdown?
MAO-B Inhibitors
- Selegiline
- Rasagiline
What is the reason why MAOI inhibitors cannot be given along with Tyramine-rich foods?
This will increase norepinephrine levels that results to hypertensive crisis. Nurses should be cautious when having hypertensive patients.
What drug has the potential to accentuate anticholinergic side effects?
Amantadine
What are the adverse effect of levodopa?
a) N&v
b) Orthostatic
c) Hypotension
d) Anorexia
e) Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
f) Arrythmias
g) Confusion
How many weeks does the patient will experience benefits of the dopaminergic drugs taken?
2 to 4 weeks
Blepharospasm is a sign of what when taking dopaminergic drugs?
Over-dose
Is levodopa taken with or without food?
- Without food, because levodopa should have better absorption thus necessitates empty stomach.
What is a recurrent episodes of seizures, usually have 3-4 episodes of seizures?
Epilepsy
What is the difference between seizures and convulsion?
Seizure is a general term that applies to all types of epileptic events while Convulsion is an abnormal motor phenomenon.
What are the two major types of seizures?
- Partial Seizures
- Generalized Seizures
What is the difference between partial seizures and generalized seizures?
Partial seizures is an excitation undergoes limited spread from the focus from adjacent cortical areas while Generalized seizures is an excitation spreads widely throughout both hemispheres of the brain.
What is an acute isolated seizures?
What should you do if you see a patient having an episode?
1) Removes all the objects that may cause harm to the person who is experiencing epileptic episodes
2) Loosen the clothing
[F: remove the bra]
3) Position the patient to a side-lying position. This will induce proper secretions. [Do not force patient when not cooperating in a side-lying position]
4) Never put anything on a patient tongue
5) Time the seizure [If the patient have an episode longer than 2 minutes; call an ambulance] [When patient is already on the floor, call the ambulance immediately for probable brain damage]
