central ray, collumation, patient position Flashcards
(51 cards)
1
Q
cervical spine-APOM
A
- uvula
- mid cheeks and up to nose (include mastoids)
- make sure base of skull is even w/ incisors and parellell with the floor…say “ahhh” with suspended expiration
2
Q
cervical spine-APLC
A
- c4 adam’s apple
- lower margin of mandible to clavicle , soft tissues vertically
- slightly extend head so chin and occiput are almost parallel to floor
3
Q
cervical spine-NLC
A
- c4 approximately 1.5” blow the ear lobe on the SCM
- top of the ear (horizontal) behind the eyes (vertical)
4
Q
cervical spine-flexion
A
- C4
- top of the ear and behind the eye
- tuck chin in and then flex the neck
5
Q
cervical spine-extension
A
- C4
- film size
- extend head
- collimate after pt is in flexed or extended position
6
Q
Cervical spine LPO/RPO
A
- c4 (1-1.5”) below ear lobe on the SCM
- top of ear, behind the eye
- pt’s feet are 45° to the film, posterior shoulder against the film, head is parallel to the film
- marker=anterior to spine
7
Q
thoracic spine-AP-upright or recumbent
A
- T6-3” inferior to sternal angle
- film size
- in SUPINE, hips and knees are flexed
- take a deep breath and hold
8
Q
thoracic spine-Lateral-upright or recumbent
A
-T6 mid axillary line
-inside of film
-deep breath and hold
-marker closest to film
patient must be TOUCHING bucky
-arms extended and straight forward
9
Q
Chest PA
A
- Centered to film
- just below film size 2” above shoulders
- chin elevated
- hands on sides-shoulders rolled forward
- deep breath and hold
10
Q
Chest Lateral
A
- T6 (mid axilla, mid axillary line)
- just to film size
- both arms elevated above head
- deep breath and hold
11
Q
Right Hip-AP Recumbent
A
- b/w ASIS and Pubic symphysis 2” away from umbilicus
- film size
- shield males and follow 10 day rule
- 15° internal rotation
12
Q
Right Hip frog leg
A
- b/w ASIS and pubic symphysis and 2” away from umbilicus
- to film size
- flex hip and knee and foot to inside of leg
13
Q
Right elbow-AP
A
- b/t and 1” below epicondyles
- to arm
- arm extended
- hand SUPINATED
14
Q
Right Elbow-medial oblique
A
1” below epicondyles
- to arm
- arm extended
- hand PRONE, humerus must be flat!
15
Q
Right Elbow-lateral
A
- mid elbow anterior to lateral epicondyle
- to arm 6”10 field
- elbow is flexed 90° karate chop hand, humerus must be parallel with shoulder
16
Q
right elbow jones
A
2” abone olecranon process
- 5x5
- elbow full flexion
- humerus is flat on film
- divide film w/ lead sheet
17
Q
right wrist PA
A
- mid MC or scaphoid
- to wrist
- patient makes a soft fist so wrist lies flat
18
Q
right wrist uln deviation
A
- mid MC or scaphoid
- to wrist
- deviate wrist towards ulna
19
Q
right wrist - medial oblique
A
mid MC or scaphoid at snuff box level
- to wrist
- supinate wrist 45 degrees to film w/ palm towards the film
20
Q
right wrist lateral
A
snuff box
- to wrist (include proximal metacarpals and distal ulna and radius
- medial aspect of wrist (anatomically) on film, thumb pointed up
21
Q
right hand -PA
A
3rd MC
- to hand size
- palm down fingers extended
22
Q
right hand medial oblique
A
b/t 2nd and 3rd MC heads
to hand
-hand semi prone 45° fingers extended
-straight down staircase foam
23
Q
right hand lateral
A
proximal inter phalangeal joint
to hand
-hand semi prone 45° with fingers extended
-spiral staircase foam
24
Q
right shoulder-internal rotation
A
-coracoid process
-below film size
-scapula flat against film
-arm is medially rotated so that humeral epicondyles are perpendicular to film
palms face POSTERIOR
25
right shoulder -external rotation
coracoid process
to film size
same as internal only palms face ANTERIOR
26
Right shoulder-baby arm "abduction"
coracoid at mid clavicular line
- to film size
- elbow flexed 90° and arm abducted 90°
- palm faces ANTERIOR
27
Acromioclavicular Joint
through AC joint
- film size
- perform bilaterally, both with and without pt holding weights
28
Pelvis-AP Upright and recumbent
on the midline halfway b/t the iliac crest and pubic bone
- just below film size
- 10 day rule
- gonadal shielding
- internally rotate feet 15°
29
Right knee AP
1 cm inferior of patella
- soft tissues
- knee should be fully extended
- internally rotate 5°
30
right knee lateral
- 1cm distal to medial epicondyle
- film size
- flex leg to 45° and cross opposite leg over
31
right knee tunnel
popliteal fossa
- to skin line
- pt prone knee flexed 45° (prop up with garbage can)
32
right knee sunrise
inferior pole of patella b/t the patella and femoral condyles
- soft tissues of the knee and above the patella
- knee maximally flexed, use a strap around ankle and pull it over the shoulder and have pt hold it
33
right ankle AP
b/t medial and lateral malleoli
-6x10 field
-leg extended foot slightly dorsiflexed so toes are pointing toward ceiling
SPLIT film
34
right ankle Medial oblique
b/t med and lat malleoli
proximal to toes and laterally to soft tissue edges
patient supine on table, leg extended, foot dorsiflexed and internally rotated 35-45°
35
right lateral ankle
medial malleolus
- posterior calcaneus and approx. 1" above the malleolus
- pt lies on side crossing opposite tleg over for stability
- plantar surface of the foot and tib/fib should be perpendicular
36
foot AP
base of 3rd metatarsal
- edges of soft tissues
- divide film
- Foot is FLAT on film
37
foot lateral
navicular
- soft tissues of toes and calcaneus
- lateral aspect of foot is closest to film
- dorsiflex foot so plantar surface is parallell with the edge of the film
38
foot medial oblique
base of 3rd metatarsal
- edges of soft tissue of toes and calcaneus
- spplit the film
- lateral plantar aspect of foot is angled 35° away from film
39
Calcaneus lateral
1" below medial malleolus
-4x5
cross leg over
-lateral aspect of calcaneus is against the film
-plantar surface should be parallel to edge of film
40
calcaneus axial
2" up from back of heel
5x5
dorsiflexed w/ toes towards ceiling
-patient supine
41
sacrum AP
b/t pubic symphysis and umbilicus
- film size
- 10 day rule
- empty bowels prior to study
- gonadal shield
42
sacrum Lateral
3" below iliac crest and 2" anterior to the posterior sacrum
-just below film size
have patient flex knees
43
lumbar spine AP Spot
- midline halfway b/t L3 and pubic symphisis
- just below film size
- patient supine
- 10 rule
44
lumbar PA spot
- L5 spinous
- to film size
- patient prone
- 10 day rule
45
lumbar AP
- centered 1.5" above iliac crest
- film size
- use gonadal shielding
- 10 rule
- patient is naked and gowned
46
lumbar lateral
- 1" above iliac crest b/w psis and ASIS
- inside soft tissues
- marker on side CLOSEST to film
- 10 day rule
47
lumbar lateral spot
1" below iliac crest
to film size
-arms up?
48
Lumbar LAO--- table
1" lateral to L3 spinous, measure in position
| =top-bottom of film and 8" laterally
49
AP full spine
- centered to film
- under the nose/ just below pubis
- FILTER upper thoracic and cervical spines
- INSPIRE and hold
- 10 day rule
- gonadal shielding
50
coccyx-AP
2" superior to public sylph
- 5x5
- patient supine
- 10 day rule
- empty bowel
51
coccyx lateral
4-5" below iliac crest and 2" anterior to the sacrococyxgeal junction
8x8
-10 day rule
