Ceramics Flashcards
(17 cards)
A type of fine grained natural rock or soil material containing clay minerals
Clay
What are the physical characteristics of clay
- Dry lumps can be broken but not powdered between fingers
- Smooth to the touch
- Sand or gravel content <35%
- Compactness is soft
- Can be fissured/weathered
What are the mechanical properties of clay?
- High plasticity
- Hard and brittle when dried (shrinks as well)
- Fire-resistant
- Can withstand seismic activty
- Good thermal insulation
A broad category of materials that are neither metallic nor organic. These materials are shaped then hardened by heating to high temperature
Ceramics
The term used to define the process of hardening ceramics with high temperatures
Firing
What are the types of ceramics?
- Fire clays
- Terracotta
- Faience
- Vitreous China
- Porcelain
- Stoneware
- Earthenware
A type of ceramic that’s literally “burnt earth”. Made out of yellow/brownish-red clay, it is commonly used for chimney pots, roofing tiles, bricks, etc.
Terracotta
These products include ordinary bricks, clay roof tiles, and flooring quarries; known for being resistant to high temperatures.
Fire clay
A glazed form of terracotta/stoneware.
Faience
A type of ceramic that has a high glass content and very little water absorption, making it suitable for sanitary fittings
Vitreous China
Similar to vitreous china, this ceramic is usually made from purer materials and strict conditions. It is used for floor and wall tiles, accessories, etcs.
Porcelain
Similar in composition to fireclay, this ceramic is fired at a higher temperature and has a higher proportion of glass. It is harder and less absorbent and is no longer glazed for use in drainage pipes
Stoneware
This ceramic is composed of a blend of raw materials and a large portion of limestone. It is commonly used for glazed wall tiles and table china but has high water absorption, making it less suitable for sanitary ware
Earthenware
A soft sulfate (sedimentary) mineral used for construction and fertilizer. It is typically white and moderately water soluble. It is usually used in materials such as plaster(boards), wallboards, _____boards
Gypsum
An inorganic material composed primarily of calcium oxides. It originated as a building mortar in ancient Rome.
Lime
The combination of sand (fine aggregate) and cement (binder)
Cement mortar
The combination of sand (fine aggregate) and lime (binder)
Lime mortar
