Cerebellum Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the 3 terms to remember about the Cerebellum?
- Computer
- Mid-Course Corrections
- Dysmetria
Where is the cerebellum located?
Posterior cranial fossa
What are the contents of the posterior cranial fossa?
Brain stem, intracranial portions of CNs 3-12, cerebral aqueduct, 4th ventricle, cerebellum
What do you call the inability to carry out coordinated limb movements?
Dysmetria
What do you call the inability to speak clearly?
Dysarthria
What is the inability to carry out rapid alternating hand movements?
Dysdiadochokinesis
What is the inability to walk with coordination called?
Ataxia
What is the inability to move the eyes with precision called?
Ocular Dysmetria
What is the involuntary and alternating saccadic and pursuit eye movements called?
Nystagmus
Name some signs of a cerebellar disorder
Dysmetria Dysarthria Dysdiadochokinesis Ataxia Ocular dysmetria Intention tremor Nystagmus
Dysmetria of the extremities is a dysfunction of the medial or lateral Cerebellum? (finger/nose, heel/shin)
Lateral Cerebellum
Three things that should not be affected by cerebellar Dysfunction:
- Reflexes
2.Muscle Tone - Strength
If you see changes in these, this is likely NOT a cerebellar issue
What is in charge of suppressing unwanted Cerebral Cortex activity?
Basal Ganglia
What do you call the inability to initiate motor activity?
Akinesia
Chorea, myoclonus, athetosis, and ballismas are the inability to suppress what?
Unwanted motor activity
5 Cerebral components of the Basal Ganglia
- Caudate nucleus
- Ptamen nucleus
- Globus pallidus (lateral or externa)
- Globus pallidus (medial or interna)
- Subthalamic nucleus
When primary degeneration occurs in the putamen nucleus (Huntington’s Disease) - what are the motor signs?
Chorea
Athetosis
Loss of weight
Does an Upper Motor Neuron lesion affect contralateral or ipsilateral motor signs?
Contralateral
Does a lesion in the Basal ganglia affect contralateral or ipsilateral motor signs?
Contralateral
Does a lesion in the Lateral cerebellum affect contralateral or ipsilateral motor signs?
Ipsilateral
What are the cardinal signs of a lower motor neuron pathology?
weakness, marked muscle atrophy, hypotonia, hypeoreflexia, fasciculations
What are the cardinal signs of a upper motor neuron pathology?
weakness, disuse muscle atrophy, hypertonia, hyperrreflexia, spastic rigidity, exaggerated superficial reflexes (babinski)
Basal ganglion pathology
weakness, leadpipe rigidity, hyperkinesia, hypokinesia, resting tremor
What are the cardinal signs of cerebellar
dysmetria, ataxia, nystagmus
