Cerebellum

Question 1

What are the three functional divisions of the cerebellum

Answer 1

Vestibulocerebellum, Spinocerebellum, Cerebrocerebellum

Question 2

How does the cerebellum create normal patterned movement to occur

Answer 2

release of inhibition allows for normal patterned movement

Question 3

What synapses onto the deep cerebellar nuclei and provide an inhibitory influence

Answer 3

Purkinje Cells

Question 4

Output of the cerebellum goes where?

Answer 4

neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei

Question 5

What are the three nuclei of the deep cerebellar nuclei

Answer 5

1. fastigial nucleus
2. interposed nucleus
3. dentate nucleus

Question 6

The deep cerebellar nuclei ultimately influence LMN activity through indirect connections to what 4 descending motor systems?

Answer 6

1. vestibulospinal tracts
2. reticulospinal tracts
3. rubrospinal tracts
4. corticospinal tracts

Question 7

What is the primary efferent pathway of the cerebellum that runs through the superior cerebellar peduncle?

Answer 7

dentatorubrothalamic pathway

Question 8

The dentate is involved with what?

Answer 8

motor planning

Question 9

What makes up the vestibulocerebellum

Answer 9

Flocculonodular lobe

Question 10

What is the input to the vestibulocerebellum

Answer 10

Vestibular nuclei and apparatus

Question 11

What is the output from the vestibulocerebellum

Answer 11

Back to the vestibular nuclei

Question 12

What is the function of the vestibulocerebellum

Answer 12

Balance and equilibrium. Eye movements

Question 13

Lesion to the vestibulocerebellum results in what 3 possible outcomes

Answer 13

Nystagmus, disequilibrium, poor trunk balance

Question 14

The spinocerebellum is made up of what?

Answer 14

Vermis and paravermal zones plus much of the anterior lobe

Question 15

What is the input to the spinocerebellum

Answer 15

Spinal cord, auditory, visual, vestibular, trigeminal, and motor cortex Axial/postural muscle info from the medial lemniscus

Question 16

Where is the output from the spinocerebellum go to?

Answer 16

Medial and lateral descending pathways (reticulospinal, vestibulospinal) through both the interposed and fastigial nuclei

Question 17

What is the function of the spinocerebellum?

Answer 17

Influences the controlling of limb movements and muscle tone for error correction resulting in coordinated movements. Functions more at proximal limb joints

Question 18

Lesion to the spinocerebellum results in what

Answer 18

Ataxia gait pattern

Question 19

What is the cerebrocerebellum made up of?

Answer 19

Lateral parts of the cerebellar hemispheres (primarily the posterior lobe)

Question 20

What is the input to the cerebrocerebellum?

Answer 20

Widespread areas of the cortex via the pontine nuclei

Question 21

What is the output of the cerebrocerebellum?

Answer 21

Motor and premotor cortex through the dentatorubrothalamic pathways

Question 22

What is the function of the cerebrocerebellum?

Answer 22

Planning and coordination of voluntary movements as well as the memory of movements

Question 23

What is the result of a lesion to the vermal and flocculonodular lobe

Answer 23

Trunk ataxia

Question 24

What is the result of a paravermal lesion

Answer 24

Gait and limb ataxia

Question 25

What is the result of lateral cerebellar lesion?

Answer 25

Hand ataxia

Question 26

This layer of the cerebellar cortex receives the majority of input from afferent systems (mossy fibers) and is made up of many granular cells.

Answer 26

Granular Cell Layer

Question 27

What are the two pathways that run through the superior cerebellar peduncle?

Answer 27

1. Dentatorubrothalamic Pathway (primary efferent pathway) | 2. Ventral and Rostral spinocerebellum pathway- integrated sensory and motor from ipsilateral cord

Question 28

What pathway of the inferior cerebellar peduncle carries specific joint and muscle info encoded by GTOs, muscle spindles and joint capsule receptors?

Answer 28

Dorsal and Cuneocerebellar Pathways Dorsal- LE Cuneiform-UE