Cerebellum Flashcards
(21 cards)
What the layers of tissue found in the cerebellum?
Molecular Layer
Purkinje Layer
Granular Layer
White Matter
What is significant of the Molecular tissue layer of the cerebellum?
Most external layer, found just beneath the Pia Mater
Contains cell bodies of stellate cells and basket cells
What is significant of the Purkinje tissue layer of the cerebellum?
Contains cell bodies of the purkinje cells
What is significant of the Granular tissue layer of the cerebellum?
Contains cell bodies of the Granulocytes (granular cells) and the Golgi Cellls
What are Purkinje Cells?
Located in the Perkinje Layer of the cerebellum
Primary efferent cells from the cerebellum
INHIBIT CEREBELLAR AND VESTIBULAR NUCLEI
Neurotransmitter is GABA
What are Granule Cells (granulocytes)?
Located in the Granular layer of the cerebellum
THE ONLY EXCITATORY NEURONS in the cerebellum
Neurotransmitter is Glutamate
What are Stellate and Basket Cells?
Found in the Molecular layer of the Cerebellum
Inhibitory, neurotransmitter is GABA
What are Golgi Cells?
Found in the Granular Layer of the cerebellum
Inhibitory, neurotransmitter is GABA
What are the two types of afferent fibers?
Climbing Fibers
Mossy Fibers
What are climbing fibers?
Afferent fibers that come from the Inferior Olive (Medulla)
They are myelinated with excitatory influence of Purkinje Cells
They convery infor regarding movement errors to the cerebellum
What are mossy fibers?
Afferent fibers that come from the spinal cord, reticular formation, vestibular system, and pontine nuclei
They convey excitatory influence on Granulocytes in the Granular layer of the cerebellum
Convey somatosensory, arousal, equilibrium, and cerebral cortex motor information to the cerebellum
What are the three functional components of the cerebellum?
Vestibulocerebellum
Spinocerebellum
Cerebrocerebellum
Where is information sent and received in regard to the Vestibulocerebellum?
Receives information from the Vestibular Receptors and visual areas
Sends information to the vestibular nuclei
What are the functions of the Vestibulocerebellum?
Influences Eye movements
Influences postural muscles of the head and body
- Maintains balance and equilibrium
Where is information sent and received in regard to the Spinocerebellum?
Receives most of its information from Spinal Interneurons and the Sensorimotor cortex
Receives less information from the somatosensory areas and the visual/auditory/vestibular areas
What are the functions of the Spinocerebellum?
Controls ongoing movements
Lateral Portion of the Spinocerebellum (paravermal) is concerned with ongoing movement of the limbs (especially important for gait and station)
Medial Portion (Vermis) is concerned with ongoing movements of the trunk
Where is information being sent in received in regard to the Cerebrocerebellum?
Receives information from the Cerebral Cortex (premotor, sensorimotor, and others) via the Pontine Nuclei
What are the functions of the Cerebrocerebellum?
Coordination of voluntary movements, planning of movements, and timing
Primarily of the upper extremity
Where do fibers that go to the Vestibulocerebellum originate?
Vestibular System
Vestibular Nuclei CN VIII (Vestibulocochlear N.)
ALL USE MOSSY FIBERS
Where do fibers that go to the Spinocerebellum originate?
Spinal Cord
Anterior Spinocerebellar Tract
Cuneocerebellar Tract
Posterior Spinocerebellar Tract
(ALL USE MOSSY FIBERS)
Where do fibers that go to the Cerebrocerebellum originate?
Cerebral Cortex
Cortico-pontocerebellar (mossy)
Cortico-reticulocerebellar (mossy)
Cortico-olivocerebellar - ONLY AFFERENT TRACT THAT USES CLIMBING FIBERS
