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Neuroendocrine Exam 2 > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cerebellum Deck (36)
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1
Q

what is the cerebellum concerned with?

A

the coordination of all somatic motor activity and the regulation of muscle tone and mechanisms that influence and maintain equilibrium

2
Q

what are the four pairs of nuclei found within the cerebellum?

A

fastigial nucleus, globose nucleus, emboliform nucleus, and dentate nucleus

3
Q

where do most efferents in the superior cerebellar peduncle originate at?

A

in the dentate nucleus

4
Q

what is the dentate nucleus mostly responsible for?

A

for planning and execution of fine movement

5
Q

what nucleus of the thalamus does the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum project its fibers to?

A

the ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus

6
Q

what is a critical link between the extrapyramidal system and the cerebellum?

A

the central tegmental fasciculus

7
Q

what are the motor nuclei of the thalamus?

A

the ventral anterior nuclei and the ventral lateral nuclei

8
Q

all information entering the cerebellar cortex eventually converges upon what?

A

the purkinje cells

9
Q

what effect do the climbing fibers have on the purkinje cells?

A

a powerful excitatory effect

10
Q

unilateral lesions of the cerebellum usually result in what type of deficits?

A

ipsilateral

11
Q

what are the four common signs/symptoms of cerebellar lesions?

A

dysmetria, ataxia, dysdiadochokinesia, intention tremor

12
Q

what does korsakoff’s syndrome present as?

A

the patient just making things up–> memory impairment

13
Q

olivocerebellar fibers have a strong influence on what?

A

purkinje cells

14
Q

unconscious precise proprioceptive information from the upper extremity is conveyed by what?

A

cuneocerebllar tract

15
Q

the efferent fibers in the superior cerebllear peduncle project to where?

A

the ventral anterior nucleus

16
Q

the cerebral cortex influences the cerebellum via what?

A

corticopontine fibers

17
Q

the efferents of the dentate nucleus project to where?

A

the red nucleus and the ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus

18
Q

What are 4 of the inferior cerebellar peduncles?

A

dorsal spinocerebellar tract (DSCT), cuneocerebellar tract, trigeminocerebellar tract, olivocerebellar fibers

19
Q

what does the dorsal spinal cerebellar tract convey?

A

unconscious precise proprioceptive information from the lower 1/2 of the body and lower extremities to the cerebellum

20
Q

what does the cuneocerebellar tract convey?

A

unconscious precise proprioceptive information from the upper 1/2 of the body and the upper extremities

21
Q

what does the trigeminocerebellar tract of the inferior cerebellar peduncle convey?

A

general proprioceptive and exteroceptive information from the head

22
Q

where do the olivocerebellar fibers originate?

A

in the inferior olivary nucleus

23
Q

what do the olivocerebellar fibers terminate as?

A

climbing fibers in the contralateral cerebellar hemisphere

24
Q

the inferior olivary nucleus is an important processing and relay center for what?

A

sensory information from the spinal cord and the motor information from the reticular formation and extrapyramidal system

25
Q

what does the inferior olivary nucleus (ION) receive direct input from?

A

the central tegmental fasciculus and the spino-olivary tract

26
Q

where does the central tegmental fasciculus originate?

A

in the red nucleus, central periaqueductal gray and the midbrain tegmentum

27
Q

what is significant about the central tegmental fasciculus?

A

it is a critical link between the extrapyramidal system and the cerebellum

28
Q

what forms all of the middle cerebellar peduncle?

A

pontocerebellar fibers

29
Q

what do the pontocerebellar fibers form?

A

part of an important feedback loop between the motor cortex and the cerebellum

30
Q

what are the two tracts that make up the superior cerebellar peduncle?

A

the ventral spinocerebellar tract and the trigeminocerebellar tract

31
Q

what does the ventral spinocerebellar tract convey?

A

unconscious general proprioceptive information from lumbosacral levels

32
Q

what does the trigeminocerebellar tract of the superior cerebellar peduncle convey?

A

unconscious precise tactile and proprioceptive information from the head to the cerebellum

33
Q

where do the fastigial and medial portion of the globose send their efferent fibers?

A

they send their fastigiobulbar fibers to the vestibular nuclei and RF

34
Q

where do the lateral globose, emboliform, and dentate nuclei project their efferent fibers through?

A

the superior cerebellar peduncle

35
Q

where do the efferent fibers from the dentate, lateral globose, and emboliform decussate?

A

in the upper pons and lower midbrain

36
Q

chronic indigestion of ethanol may cause what?

A

a cortical atrophy of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum