Cerebral Angiography -Ant. & Post.

Question 1

aortic arch angiogram [visualize]

Answer 1

atherosclerotic or occlusive diseases of extracranial carotid, vertebral and subclavian

Question 2

type of catheter and position

Answer 2

multiple side hole cath
ascending aorta

Question 3

[simul biplane ob proj] pt pos’n

Answer 3

35° RPO - MSP - perp-IR
chin pt raised
move shoulders inferiorly

Question 4

[simul biplane ob proj] Reference point

Answer 4

lvl 1/4” (3 cm) sup to sternal angle (angle of Lewis)

Question 5

[simul biplane ob proj] CRD

Answer 5

lvl 1/4” (3 cm) sup to sternal angle (angle of Lewis) - MP-IR

Question 6

[simul biplane ob proj] obj RPO pos’ns

Answer 6

open aortic arch, carotid and vertebral free from superimpositions

Question 7

[simul biplane ob proj] rate of injection

Answer 7

15-20 ml/sec for total vol of 35-40 ml

Question 8

[simul biplane ob proj] representative imaging program

Answer 8

2-3 images/sec in each plane for 4 sec

Question 9

[simul biplane ob proj] alternative imaging program

Answer 9

1 image in each plane - pauses 1 sec - inject CM 2-3 images/sec for 3 sec

Question 10

[AC - lat proj] pt pos’n

Answer 10

H extended - IOML perp to CR
MSP ll to IR

Question 11

[AC - lat proj] reference point

Answer 11

cranial to auricle and midway b/w forehead and occiput

Question 12

[AC - lat proj] CRD

Answer 12

horizon-point slightly cranial to auricle midway b/w forehead and occiput

Question 13

[AC - lat proj] obj

Answer 13

ant and carotid circulation

Question 14

[AC - lat proj] added

Answer 14

immobilization device

Question 15

[AC - AP axial (supraorbital)] pt pos’n

Answer 15

MSP -perp- midline of grid
H extended- IOML perp to IR

Question 16

[AC - AP axial (supraorbital)] CRD

Answer 16

20° caudal (AP axial)
20° cranial (PA axial) - line passing along 3/4” sup to and ll w/ line from supraorbital margin to a point 3/4” sup to EAM

Question 17

[AC - AP axial OB] supra pt pos’n

Answer 17

H 30° away from injected side (or CR 30° toward injected side)

Question 18

[AC - AP axial OB (supraorbital] CRD

Answer 18

20° caudal

Question 19

[AC - AP axial (Transorb)] pt pos’n

Answer 19

MSP perp

Question 20

[AC - AP axial (Transorb)] reference point

Answer 20

midorbits

Question 21

[AC - AP axial (Transorb)] CRD

Answer 21

20° cranial-midorbits-coinciding w/ a line passing thru center of orbits and a point about 1/4” sup to auricle of ear

Question 22

[AC - AP axial OB (Transorb)] pt pos’n

Answer 22

H 30° away from injected side (or CR 30° toward injected side)

Question 23

[AC - AP axial OB (Transorb)] CRD

Answer 23

20° cranial -midorbits of uppermost side

Question 24

[AC - AP axial OB (Transorb)] obj

Answer 24

internal carotid bifurcation and ant communicating and middle cerebral arteries w/in orbital shadow

Question 25

[AC - AP axial] pt pos'n

Answer 25

basic ap proj pos'sn (supine)

Question 26

[AC - AP axial] reference point

Answer 26

1 1/2" sup to glabella

Question 27

[AC - AP axial] CRD

Answer 27

30° caudal 1 1/2" sup to glabella (PA-cranial) - exits level of EAM

Question 28

[AC - AP axial OB] pt pos'n

Answer 28

H 35-45° away from injected side (or CR 35-45° toward injected side)

Question 29

[AC - AP axial OB] CRD

Answer 29

30° caudal 1 1/2" sup to glabella

Question 30

[PC- LAT proj] pt pos'n

Answer 30

H extended - IOML perp to horizon MSP ll w/ plane of IR

Question 31

[PC- LAT proj] reference point

Answer 31

mastoid process

Question 32

[PC- LAT proj] CRD

Answer 32

horizon-MP at a point 3/8" sup and 3/4" post to the EAM

Question 33

[PC- LAT proj] obj

Answer 33

post and vertebral circulation

Question 34

[PC- AP Axial] pt pos'n

Answer 34

MSP perp to midline of grid IOML vertical

Question 35

[PC- AP Axial] reference point

Answer 35

1 1/2" sup to glabella at the lvl of EAM

Question 36

[PC- AP Axial] CRD

Answer 36

30-35° caudal- 1 1/2" sup to glabella at the lvl of EAM

Question 37

[PC- SMV] modified SMV obj

Answer 37

investigation: post. circulation, ant. circulation (if middle cranial fossa lesion is suspected)

Question 38

[PC- SMV] not for[..]

Answer 38

elderly pts w/ cervical degenerative arthritis and high blood