Cerebral Hemisphere Overview

Question 1

What is a gyri?

Answer 1

Complex convolutions of brain cortex

Question 2

What is a sulci (fissure)?

Answer 2

CSF-filled grooves or clefts that separate gyri

Question 3

What is an operculae?

Answer 3

Parts of frontal, temporal, pareital lobes that overhang/enclose insula

Question 4

It is anterior region of hemisphere; anterior to central sulcus, superior to sylvian fissure

Answer 4

Frontal lobe

Question 5

Posterior region of the hemisphere; posterior to central sulcus, anterior to parietooccipital sulcus

Answer 5

Parietal lobe

Question 6

Posterior to parietooccipital sulcus

Answer 6

Occipital lobe

Question 7

Inferior to sylvian fissure, anterior to angular gyrus

Answer 7

Temporal lobe

Question 8

Cortical region hidden within depths of lateral (sylvian) fissure; covered by frontal, temporal, parietal opercula

Answer 8

Insula

Question 9

Contains primary motor cortex

Answer 9

Precentral gyrus

Question 10

It contains the detailed topographyically-organized map (“moto homunculus “) of contralateral body

Head/face lateral, legs/feet along medial surface

Answer 10

Primary motor complex

Question 11

It is within the gyrus just anterior to precentral gyrus (motor cortex)

Answer 11

Premotor cortex

Question 12

What are the three additional major gyri of the frontal lobe?

Answer 12

1. Superior frontal gyrus
2. Middle frontal gyrus
3. Inferior frontal gyrus

Which are separated by superior and inferior frontal sulci.

Question 13

The parietal lobe is seperated by the occipital lobe by what sulcus?

Answer 13

Parietooccipital sulcus (medial surface)

Question 14

It is the primary somatosensory cortex

Answer 14

Postcentral gyrus

Question 15

Superior and inferior parietal lobules lies posterior to what gyrus?

Answer 15

Postcentral gyrus

Question 16

Supramarginal gyrus lies at the end of what fissure?

Answer 16

Sylvian fissure

Question 17

Angular gyus lies ventral to what gyrus?

Answer 17

Supramarginal gyrus

Question 18

What is the medial surface of the parietal lobe?

Answer 18

Precuneus

Question 19

Where is the primary visual cortex?

Answer 19

Medial occipital lobe

Question 20

Medial surface of occipital lobe?

Answer 20

Cuneus

Question 21

It contains the primary auditory cortex

Answer 21

Superior temporal gyrus

Question 22

Part of the temporal lobe which connects with auditory, somatosensory, and visual association pathways

Answer 22

Middle temporal gyrus

Question 23

Part of temporal lob: Higher visual association area

Answer 23

Inferior temporal gyrus

Question 24

Part of the temporal lobe which is included in the major subdivision of limbic system

Answer 24

Parahippocampal gyruss on medial surface, merges into uncus

Question 25

It lies deep in floor of sylvian fissure, overlapped by frontal, temporal, and parietal operculae

Answer 25

Insula

Question 26

Parts of the limbic system

Answer 26

1. Subcallosal, cingulate, parahippocampal gyri 2. Cingulate gyrus extends around corpus callosum; tapers rostrally (anteriorly) into paraterminal gyrus, subcallosal area. 3. Hippocampus included dentate gyrus, Ammon horn (cornu ammonis)

Question 27

Base of the brain

Answer 27

Orbital gyri cover base of frontal lobe: gyrus recus medially Olfactory bulb/tract lie within olfactory sulcus

Question 28

Three major types of fibers in white matter tracts

Answer 28

Cingulum Corpus callosum Internal capsule

Question 29

It is a long association fiber which lies beneath the cingulate gyrus

Answer 29

Cingulum

Question 30

Largest commisural fiber that links the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 30

Corpus callosum

Question 31

Parts of the basal ganglia

Answer 31

Caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus

Question 32

Paired nuclear complexes which serve as relay station for most sensory pathways

Answer 32

Thalamus

Question 33

Imaging modality which best evaluates the cerebral hemispheres.

Answer 33

Multiplanar MR

Question 34

White matter is best evaluated by what imaging?

Answer 34

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) on 1.5 or 3 Tesla MR

Question 35

Limbic system is best evaluated by what imaging?

Answer 35

High-resolution coronal T2 MR, T1 volume images and FLAIR

Question 36

Basal ganglia and thalami are best evaluated by?

Answer 36

Multiplanar MR