Cerebral palsy problem list

Question 1

Impaired Trunk Control and Sitting Balance

Answer 1

*Evidence: Can only sit unaided for ~15 minutes before fatigue; uses moulded wheelchair seat for support.
*Cause: Weakness and poor neuromuscular control of trunk muscles due to cerebral palsy-related motor impairment.
*Impact: Limits ability to dress, wash, or complete other daily activities independently; contributes to fatigue and reduced participation.

Question 2

Lower Limb Spasticity and Contractures

Answer 2

*Evidence: Hip flexion, adduction, medial rotation; hamstring and calf tightness; ankle inversion; uses walking aids.
*Cause: Upper motor neuron lesion causing spastic diplegia; muscle imbalance leads to contractures.
*Impact: Affects standing stability, walking efficiency, and increases fall risk; limits independence in mobility.

Question 3

Ataxia and Poor Coordination in Upper Limbs

Answer 3

*Evidence: Difficulty with accurate movements like using cutlery, holding a pencil, or grooming tasks.
*Cause: Involvement of cerebellar or motor planning pathways affecting fine motor control.
*Impact: Reduces independence in self-care and school activities; contributes to frustration and low confidence.

Question 4

Mobility Limitation and Fatigue

Answer 4

*Evidence: Can walk short distances with a walking aid but tires easily; uses wheelchair when fatigued.
*Cause: Lower limb weakness, spasticity, and effortful movement pattern.
*Impact: Reduces engagement in school and social life; increases dependence on carers and equipment.

Question 5

Reduced Functional Independence in ADLs

Answer 5

*Evidence: Needs help with dressing, bathing, and accessing the bathroom; difficulties with transfers.
*Cause: Combination of poor balance, reduced trunk control, and spasticity in lower limbs.
*Impact: Increased dependence on caregivers; affects confidence and limits goal of independent living.