Cerebral Vasculature

Question 1

Territories of Anterior Cerebral Artery

Answer 1

medial wall of hemispheres (cingulate gyrus)
motor strip (lower extremities)
important branch: medial striate- anterior limb of internal capsule, head of caudate

Question 2

Medial Striate

Answer 2

anterior limb of internal capsule, head of caudate

Question 3

MCA Territories

Answer 3

Superior: aspects of parietal, frontal, superior temporal lobes
Inferior: dorsal portions of temporal and paretial
important branch of MCA: lenticulostriate arteries (basal ganglia, internal capsule)

Question 4

Lenticulostriate arteries

Answer 4

Basal ganglia, internal capsule

Question 5

PCA Imp. Branches - 4 listed

Answer 5

1. Thalamoperforating: rostral portion of thalamus
2. Thalamogeniculate: caudal portion of thalamus
3. Medial posterior choroidal
4. Calcarine- occipital lobe; lesion produces blindness in contralateral hemifield

Question 6

Thalamoperforating

Answer 6

rostral portion of thalamus

Question 7

Thalamogeniculate

Answer 7

caudal portion of thalamus

Question 8

Calcarine

Answer 8

occipital lobe; lesion produces blindness in contralateral hemifield

Question 9

Vertebral Artery

Answer 9

supplies pyramids

Question 10

PICA

Answer 10

supplies dorsolateral portion of medulla

Question 11

Basilar Artery branches:

Answer 11

1. Paramedian– middle alternating hemiplegia
2. Short Circumferential
3. Long Circumferential- lesion –> lateral pontine syndrome

Question 12

PCA

Answer 12

1. Quadrigeminal- superior and lateral portions of SC
2. Perforating Arteries- red nucleus, fascicles of CN III
3. Lesion of Paramedian Branches- superior alternating hemiplegia (Weber Syndrome)

Question 13

Paramedian Basilar

Answer 13

Penetrate pons to supply corticospinal fibers and medial lemniscus

Question 14

Medial Medullary Syndrome; Inferior alternating hemiplegia

Answer 14

vascular lesion of the ASA
Contralateral hemiplegia
Contralateral loss of position sense, vibratory sense, and discriminative touch
Deviation of tongue to ipsilateral side

Question 15

Lateral Medullary Syndrome

PICA Syndrome/Wallenberg Syndrome

Answer 15

Contralateral loss of pain and thermal sense on body
Ipsilateral loss of pain and thermal sense on face
Dysphagia, soft palate paralysis, hoarseness, diminished gag reflex

Question 16

Medial Pontine Syndrome; Middle Alternating Hemiplegia

Answer 16

paramedian branches of the basilar artery
Contralateral hemiplegia of arm and leg
Contralateral loss or decrease of position & vibratory sense and discriminative touch
Ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle paralysis

Question 17

Lateral Pontine Syndrome

Answer 17

long circumferential branches of the basilar artery;
Ataxia, unsteady gait, fall toward side of lesion
Ipsilateral paralysis of facial muscles, masticatory muscles
Ipsilateral loss of pain and thermal sense from face
Contralateral loss of pain and thermal sense from the body

Question 18

Weber syndrome; superior alternating hemiplegia

Answer 18

Contralateral hemiplegia of arm and leg;

Ipsilateral paralysis of eye movement: eye oriented down and out and pupil dilated and fixed