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Clinical Microscopy > Cerebrospinal Fluid Analyis > Flashcards

Cerebrospinal Fluid Analyis Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

3rd Major Body Fluid

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

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2
Q

Produce a mechanical barrier to cushion the brain & spinal cord against trauma

A

CSF

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3
Q

Lines the skull & vertebral canal

A

Dura Mater

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4
Q

Filamentous inner membrane

A

Arachnoid Mater

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5
Q

portion where CSF flows

A

Subarachnoid space

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6
Q

Lines the surface of brain & spinal cord

A

Pia Mater

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7
Q

Hard Mother (Outer Layer)

A

Dura Mater

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8
Q

Spiderweb-like

A

Arachnoid Mater

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9
Q

Soft Mother (Innermost layer)

A

Pia Mater

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10
Q

Produces CSF by selective filtration at a rate of 20 mL/hour

A

Choroid Plexus

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11
Q

Produces CSF by selective filtration at a rate of ____________

A

20mL/hour

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12
Q

Reabsorbs CSF

A

Arachnoid Villi/Granulations

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13
Q

Protects brain from chemicals & other substances circulating in the blood that can harm the brain tissue

A

Blood Brain Barrier (BBB)

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14
Q

Disruption of _________ allows White blood cells, proteins & other chemicals to enter the CSF

A

BBB

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14
Q

CSF Total volume for Adults

A

90-150mL

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15
Q

CSF Total volume for Neonates

A

10-60mL

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16
Q

Up to 20 mL CSF can be collected by ____________

A

Lumbar Puncture

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17
Q

Lumbar Puncture site for adults

A

3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae

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18
Q

Lumbar Puncture site for children

A

5th lumbar vertebrae

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19
Q

Tube 1 for CSF

A

Chemistry/Serology

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20
Q

Tube 2 for CSF

A

Microbiology

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21
Q

Tube 3 for CSF

A

Hematology

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22
Q

Storage for Tube 1

A

Freezing Temp. ( -15 to -30 C)

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23
Q

Storage for Tube 2

A

Room Temp (19-26 C)

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24
Storage for Tube 3
Ref. Temp (2-8 C)
25
Position for Lumbar Tap
Lateral Decubitus Position/Fetal Position
26
Up to __________ of volume can be removed safely for CSF collection
20mL
27
Device used to measure intracranial pressure
Manometer
28
least affected by blood or bacteria introduced by spinal tap
Tube 1
29
usually designated for microbiology
Tube 2
30
least likely to contain cells introduced by the spinal tap
Tube 3
31
better exclusion of skin contamination or for additional tests
Tube 4
32
If only one tube is collected/ LOW-VOLUME specimen in one tube
Microbiology-> Hematology->Chemistry/Serology
33
do not discard and kept frozen until there is no further use for it
Excess CSF
34
Normal appearance of CSF fluid
Crystal Clear
35
Clear
0
36
newsprint cannot be read through the fluid
4
37
Inc. WBC (>200/uL) RBC (>400/uL) Lipids & proteins microorganism
Hazy/Turbid/Milky/Cloudy
38
Radiographic Contrast Media
Oily
39
Protein & clotting factors, meningitis, Froin syndrome, blockage of CSF circulation
Clotted
40
Tubercular meningitis
Pellicle
41
Due to hemoglobin degradation products
Xanthochromic
42
Slight amount of oxyhemoglobin
Pink
43
heavy hemolysis
Orange
44
conversion of oxyhemoglobin to unconjugated bilirubin
Yellow
45
Other causes of Xanthochromia
Increase carotene Melanoma Protein (>150 md/dL) Rifampin
46
Increase RBC (>6000/uL)
Bloody
47
Puncture of the blood vessel
Traumatic Tap
48
Bleeding within the braincase
Intracranial Hemorrhage
49
Process to examine a blood fluid for the presence of xanthochromia
Centrifuged in microhematocrit tube
50
Detects the fibrin degradation product D-dimer Indicates fibrin formation at a hemorrhage site
D-dimer by Latex Agglutination Immunoassay
51
Distribution of blood on 3 tubes in Traumatic Tap
UNEVEN
52
Distribution of blood on 3 tubes in Intracranial Hemorrhage
EVEN
53
Clot formation in Traumatic Tap
Positive
54
Clot formation in Intracranial Hemorrhage
Negative
55
Supernatant of Traumatic Tap
Clear
56
Supernatant of Intracranial Hemorrhage
Xanthochromic
57
Erythrophage (Macrophages w/ ingested RBCs) in Traumatic Tap
Absent
58
Erythrophage (Macrophages w/ ingested RBCs) in Intracranial Hemorrhage
Present
59
D-dimer test for Traumatic Tap
Negative
60
D-dimer Test for Intracranial Hemorrhage
Positive
61
Xanthochromia in NEONATES results from a combination of increased _________ and _________ due to immaturity in the BBB
Bilirubin and Protein
62
Normal Viral tubercular & fungal meningitis Multiple sclerosis
Lymphocytes and Monocytes
63
Bacterial meningitidis; early cases of viral, tubercular & fungal meningitis; cerebral hemorrhage
Neutrophil
64
Parasitic & Fungal; Coccidioidal meningitis; CNS shunts
Eosinophils
65
With RBCs in spinal fluid
Macrophages
66
May contain phagocytized RBCs appearing as empty vacuoles or ghost cells, hemosiderin granules, and hematoidin crystals
Macrophage
67
Blast form
Acute Leukemia
68
Lymphoma cells
Disseminated Lymphomas
69
Plasma cells
Multiple Sclerosis Guillain-Barre Syndrome
70
Ependymal, Choroidal and Spindle shaped Cells
Diagnostic procedures
71
Malignant Cells
Primary and Metastatic Carcinomas
72
Performed on stained smear
CSF Differential Count
73
Specimen should be concentrated before smearing by using the following:
Cytocentrifugation Centrifugation Sedimentation Filtration
74

Clinical Microscopy (6 decks)

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