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neuro anatomy > cerebrum > Flashcards

cerebrum Flashcards

1
Q

what is the neocortex

A

6 layer outer cortex, based on grey matter of cerebral cortex

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2
Q

where is the central sulcus

A

in between the frontal and parietal lobe

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3
Q

where is the lateral sulcus

A

between temporal, parietal and frontal lobe

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4
Q

where is the parieto-occipital sulcus

A

in between the parietal and occipital lobe

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5
Q

where is the preoccipital notch sulcus

A

below the occipital lobe

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6
Q

what are the 3 functional areas types

A

motor sensory association

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7
Q

what are the functional areas in the frontal lobe

A

primary motor area
pre motor area
brocas area
frontal eye field
prefrontal area

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8
Q

which gyrus is in the frontal lobe

A

pre central

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9
Q

what is in the primary motor area

A

inverted motor homonculus
contralateral motor control

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10
Q

what is the homunculus

A

representation of body parts in the motor and somatosensory cortex of the brain.

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11
Q

lesion in the primary motor area will cause what

A

effect on the opposite half of the body

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12
Q

function of the premotor area

A

programmes the activity of the primary motor area

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13
Q

where is the premotor area

A

anterior to primary motor area

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14
Q

lesion in the pre motor area will cause what

A

a difficulty in performing skilled movements

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15
Q

function of frontal eye field

A

connects voluntary eye movements to opposite side

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16
Q

what is the frontal eye field connected to

A

visual cortex by association fibres (involuntary)

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17
Q

a lesion in the frontal eye field causes what

A

inability to move eyes to the opposite side

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18
Q

functions of pre frontal area

A

personality, behaviour, judgement

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19
Q

a lesion in the prefrontal area causes what

A

changes in personality and inappropriate social behaviour

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20
Q

what are the functional areas of the parietal lobe

A

primary sensory area
wernickes area

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21
Q

which gyrus is in the parietal lobe

A

post central

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22
Q

function of the primary sensory area

A

contralateral sensations

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23
Q

lesion in the primary sensory area causes what

A

contralateral loss of sensation

24
Q

what input does wernickes area receive

A

somatic, auditory and visual area

25
Q

where is input from wernickes area projected to

A

brocas area

26
Q

what is receptive sensory aphasia in wernickes area

A

inability to understand spoken and written word

27
Q

what is global aphasia

A

when both motor and sensory speech area is affected

28
Q

what are the functional areas of the temporal lobe

A

primary auditory area

29
Q

which gyrus is in the temporal lobe

A

temporal gyrus of heschl which is inferior to the lateral sulcus

30
Q

lesions in the primary auditory area can cause what

A

deafness

31
Q

what are the functional areas of the occipital lobe

A

primary visual cortex
visual association areas

32
Q

what are the other functional areas

A

taste area
vestibular area
olfactory area

33
Q

where is the taste area

A

inferior to the parietal lobe

34
Q

where is the vestibular area and what is it concerned with

A

near post cnetral gyrus, area concerned with face sensation

35
Q

where is the olfactory area

A

uncus

36
Q

what is the uncus

A

inner most part of the temporal lobe

37
Q

what are the two paired arteries responsible for the blood supply of the base of the brain - the source of the circle of willis

A

internal carotid and vertebral arteries

38
Q

where do the arteries supplying the brain arise from and to

A

arise in the neck and extends to the cranium

39
Q

where does the common carotid artery bifurcate to form the internal and external common carotid arteries

A

C4 - the common carotid artery typically bifurcates at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage

40
Q

where does the vertebral arteries arise from

A

the first part of the subclavian artery

41
Q

where is the circle of willis located

A

the base of the brain around the optic chiasm and the hypothalamus

42
Q

which artery runs in the lateral sulcus

A

middle cerebral artery

43
Q

circle of willis communicating arteries

A

anterior cerebral arteries,
posteriorly, basilar artery dividing into two posterior cerebral arteries
laterally, by the posterior communicating artery connecting the ICA with PCA

44
Q

what is a berry / saccular aneurysm

A

a rounded sac containing blood that is attached to a main artery (berry on a vine)

45
Q

what arteries supply the cerebrum

A

paired anterior cerebral artery - internal carotid
paired middle cerebral artery - internal carotid
paired posterior cerebral artery - basilar artery

46
Q

arterial supply of superolateral surface

A

2/3s by middle cerebral

47
Q

arterial supply of inferior surface

A

posterior cerebral artery

48
Q

arterial supply of medial surface

A

anterior 2/3s by anterior cerebral artery

49
Q

veins involved with venous drainage of the brain

A

superficial cerebral veins
deep cerebral veins

50
Q

where does the venous drainage of the brain drain into

A

dural venous sinuses

51
Q

what causes a subdural intracranial hemorrhage

A

tearing of superior cerebral veins

52
Q

what causes a subarachnoid intracranial hemorrhage

A

rupture of congenital berry aneurysms

53
Q

what causes a intercerebral intracranial hemorrhage

A

rupture of lenticulostriate artery of MCA

54
Q

whats the blood supply of the spinal cord

A

anterior and posterior spinal branches of vertebral artery

55
Q

where is blood supplemented throughout the spinal cord

A

radicular arteries deriving from the aorta

56
Q

venous drainage of spinal cord

A

communicates with internal vertebral venous plexus

neuro anatomy (24 decks)

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