Cerebrum & Diencephalon

Question 1

What is the outer grey matter of the brain called?

Answer 1

cerebral cortex?

Question 2

What is the inner white matter made of?

Answer 2

axons

Question 3

what is the deep grey matter containing?

Answer 3

cell bodies

Question 4

what is a gyrus?

Answer 4

bumps

Question 5

what is a sulcus?

Answer 5

depressions

Question 6

what does the longitudinal fissure separate?

Answer 6

both hemispheres of the brain into L & R hemispheres

Question 7

What are the 4 main sulci in the brain?

Answer 7

1. longitudinal fissure
2. central sulcus
3. lateral sulcus (or fissure)
4. calcarine sulcus

Question 8

what are the 2 main gyri in the brain?

Answer 8

1. precentral gyrus (infront of central gyrus)
2. post central gyrus (behind central sulcus)

Question 9

what are Brodmann Areas?

Answer 9

numerical system for locating the different functional areas of the cortex –> tells you what the brain areas do in terms of function

Question 10

What are the 4 specialised cortical regions?

Answer 10

1. primary motor cortex
2. primary somatosensory cortex
3. primary auditory cortex
4. primary visual cortex

Question 11

What is the primary motor cortex also known as?

Answer 11

pre-central gyrus

Question 12

what is the primary somatosensory cortex also known as?

Answer 12

post-central gyrus

Question 13

what is the primary somatosensory cortex good for?

Answer 13

sensory information processing

Question 14

Wernicke’s area

Answer 14

language comprehension

Question 15

Broca’s area

Answer 15

motor language production –> speech expression

Question 16

receptive aphasia

Answer 16

problems in wernickes

Question 17

expressive aphasia

Answer 17

problems in brocas

Question 18

3 classifications of white matter in the cerebrum?

Answer 18

1. projection fibres
2. commissural fibres
3. association fibres

Question 19

Where is the diencephalon found?

Answer 19

• just above the brainstem
• between the cerebral hemispheres
• it has the 3rd ventricle between its left and right sides
• it has the internal capsule lying superficial to it

Question 20

Thalamus

Answer 20

• largest most dorsal nuclear mass
• relay centre

Question 21

HYPOthalamus

Answer 21

• ventral (inferior) & rostral (anterior) to thalamus
• regulation of autonomic / endocrine functions

Question 22

SUBthalamus

Answer 22

• immediately ventral (inferior) to thalamus
• related to the basal ganglia for movement control

Question 23

EPIthalamus

Answer 23

• caudal (posterior) to thalamus
• circadian rhythm & sexual reproduction cycles

Question 24

What is the sensory part of the thalamus?

Answer 24

VPL & VPM (ventral posterior medial & lateral)

Question 25

What is the motor part of the thalamus?

Answer 25

• VL (ventral lateral)
• internal capsule at lateral aspect