Certification Test Flashcards
(22 cards)
When testing urine, what can the pH tell you? What are the normal levels?
pH measures the acidity/alkaline of a person’s urine.
Normal is 5.5-8. This tells you if they drinking water. Acid is harder for microbes to grow in. The more basic the urine is, the more chances microbes have to grow in it.
When testing urine, what can the Specific gravity tell you? What is normal?
Measures the concentration of the urine. Normal levels are 1.010 to 1.025.
When testing urine, what can Bilirubin tell you? What is normal?
Indicates liver disease and/or RBC destruction. There shouldn’t be any color change here.
When testing urine, what can Glucose tell you? What is normal?
Indicates diabetes. The color shouldn’t change if healthy.
When testing urine, what can WBCs/Nitrites tell you? What are the normal levels.
Indicates an infection in the urinary tract. This should not change color if the person is healthy.
When testing urine, what can Ketones tell you? What are the normal levels?
Indicates starvation, diabetes, or vomiting. No color change when normal.
When testing urine, what can Hemoglobin tell you? What is normal?
Indicates kidney disease/issues, infection, bleeding ,cancer, chemical poissoning, starvation, and/or vomitting. Shouldn’t hange color if healthy.
When testing urine, what can Proteins tell you? What is normal?
Indicates inflammation, infection, kidney disesase, and/or chemical poisoning.
What are the names of the antecubital veins?
Median cubital
cephalic
Basilic
When are times you shouldn’t use alcohol to prep the area for puncture?
When the patient is being tested on alcohol levels.
When patient is allergic to alcohol
When should you not use iodine to cleanse?
When you are doing a dermal puncture. (It interferes with testing like bilirubin, uric acid, phosporus and potatssium.
What is the right way to taunt the skin when anchoring veins for venipuncture?
Taunt below the vein/puncture site.
What angle do they want you to insert the needle at?
Between 15-30, but remember that some veins are topical and therefore don’t need an angle beyond 5
What is the order of draw?
yellow, light blue, red, serum tube (tiger top), green, lavender, grey.
What are the additives in each tube?
left off on page 12
yellow- SPS aerobic and aanaerobic tests light blue- Sodium Citrate (NaCHO) red- Nothing Tiger Top/Any serum tube- Serum tubes have silica gel for separation of blood and serum. green- heparin lavender- EDTA Grey- Sodium Flouride Light Yellow- ACD Dark Blue- Anything. Must be labeled.
Why do we check newborn blood?
To check their metabolism and for early catches on diseases that are genetic or metabolic.
What are the main metabolic and genetic diseases that we look for in newborns?
Cystic fibrosis- Hypothyroidism- PKU- Galactosemia- Biotinidase deficiency- Sickle cell disease-
How long should the blood be left to dry on the filter paper when doing newborn metabolic checks?
Three Hours (Make sure you mail the filter papaer to the lab right away because if there are any positives, the baby must receive treatment IMMEDIATELY)
Iatrogenic anemia
For phlebotomists, that’s when too much blood is lost due to sticking the patient too much. It is important to calculate their blood volume before donating so you can give an accurate estimate of how blood the person can lose.
What are the names of the fasting tests, and how long should the patient be fasting?
Glucose Tolurance Test (GTT) - 12 hours
Processing and Handling Specimens:
What do you do to ammonia and lactic acid tested specimen?
You put them in an ice slurry.
Processing and Handling Specimens:
What do you do with cold agglutinins tested specimen?
Must be at body temperature, so you probably have to put it in an incubater? Idk. Body temperature is 98.7 degrees Fahrenheit, which is 37 degrees Celsius.