Cervical Anatomy Flashcards
(32 cards)
How does the disc receive nourishment from the subchondral vascular network?
The subchodral vascular network provides nutrients to the nucleus through osmosis.
The annulus receives nourishment from the its vascular system. Oxygen, glucose, amino acids.
What causes disc degeneration?
Lack of nutrition.
What does the muscular system do?
Supports and stabilizes the spine. Allows movement of anatomy.
What do tendons and ligaments do?
Tendons connect muscle to bone.
Ligaments connect bone to bone.
What are the major ligaments of the spine?
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Ligamentum Flavum Interspinous Ligament Supraspinous Ligament
Ligamentum Flavum
Runs base of skull to pelvis - infront of and between lamina - and in front of facet joint
Protects spinal cord and nerve roots
Interspinous Ligament
Runs between spinous process and is attached to Ligamentum Flavum.
Supraspinous Ligament
Attaches tip of each spinous process to the other.
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
Primary spine stabilizer - 1 inch wide
Runs the entire length of the spine
Connects the front of VB to front of Annulus
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Located within vertebral canal
Attaches along posterior surfaces of vertebral bodies
Prevents hyperFLEXION of the vertebral column
The brain and spinal cord together make up the…..
Centeral Nervous System
The central nervous system is made up of the…..
Brain and spinal cord.
What are six important things to know about the spinal cord?
Most important structure between the body and the brain
Long, thin, bundle of nervous tissue and support cells
Extends from FORAMEN MAGNUM, continuous from the MEDULLA to L1 or L2
Spinal cord ends around L1 or L2 and is replaced by Cauda Equina - which is a dural sac contain all the nerve roots.
What are the functions of the spinal cord?
Transmission of neural signals between brain and body
Controls reflexes and central pattern generators.
What functions are controlled from C1 to C4?
Breathing / Head and neck movement
What functions are controlled from C4 to C6?
Heart rate / shoulder movement
What functions are controlled from C6 to C7?
Wrist / elbow movements
What functions are controlled from C7 to T1?
Hand / finger movement
What functions are controlled from T1 to T12?
Sympathetic tone - including temperature regulation and trunk stability
What functions are controlled from Tll to L2?
Ejaculation / Hip movement (L2)
What functions are controlled from L3?
Knee extension
What functions are controlled from L4 to S1?
Foot motion / Knee flexion
What functions are controlled from S2 to S5?
Penile erection (S2 to S4) / Bowel and bladder activity (S2, S3)
What three layers of tissue protect the spinal cord?
Pia Matter (inner) Arachnoid Matter ( Middle) Dura Matter (Outer)
