Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

CATA 437 > cervical spine > Flashcards

cervical spine Flashcards

(68 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

C0-C1 is what type of joint and is a stable or unstable joint

A

stable, antlanto-occipital joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

principal motion of antlanto-occipital joint

A

Principle motion of this joint is flexion-extension (15-20°)
Nodding of the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

is rotation and SB physiological motion of C0-C1

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

C0-C1 mechanic in flexion, extension

A

flexion: ant roll, backward slide
extension: backward roll, ant slide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

flexion of C0-C1 is limited by

A

posterior structure, submandibular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

extension of C0-C1 is limited by

A

occiput compressing sub occipitals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how does rotation and SB C0-C1 occurs

A

Condyles must slide out/lift out of their socket tension on atlanto-occipital ligaments and joint capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the most mobile articulation of neck

A

C1-C2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

axis most weight bearing in C-spine

A

C1-C2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

C1-C2 is which type of joint

A

biconvex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how munch rotation occurs at C1-C2

A

Rotation is ~50° contralateral alar ligaments, capsules, impaction of anterior arch of atlas on dens of axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how munch flexion/ext occurs at C1-C2 joint

A

Flex-ext ~10° restricted when post arch hits occiput or C2 not ligament restriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the role of odontoid process

A

Odontoid process of C2 acts as pivot point
Transverse ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pain in this area commonly referred to upper extremity

A

cervico-brachial area (C3-C7)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pathology in C3-C7 area can lead to what

A

combination of neck and arm pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

C1-C2 have rotation, SB or both

A

rotation only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

C3-C7 follow which rule

A

law 2 -> rotation and SB same direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Greatest flexion and extension of facet joints occurs between

A

C5-C6
Almost as much movement at C4-C5 and C6-C7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

vertebral artery passed where and role

A

Vertebral artery- part of vertebrobasilar system
Passes through TPs of C-spine
Starting at C6
20% blood supply to brain (hindbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

vertebral artery affected which ROM of C-spine

A

extension + rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

symptom of vertebral artery

A

Symptoms- vertigo, nausea, tinnitus, “drop attacks”, visual disturbances, or rarely stroke or death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

internal carotid is mainly stressed with which ROM

A

with rotation, extension and traction motions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

where in C-spine there’s no disc

A

btw C0-C1 and C1-C2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

intervetrebral disc take how many % of height of cervical spine

A

25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
how does nerve root is named
from cervical vertebra below it
26
how many cervical root is there
8 cervical nerve roots Nerve root existing between C0-C1 Names C1 nerve root
27
what act on atlas
muscle that act on the head
28
What muscles does the brachial plexus run between/under?
- scalene, pec minor - 1st ribs, clavicle
29
What are common signs/symptoms of compression of brachial plexus?
N/T/B
30
What pathologies will affect the brachial plexus?
disc degeneration, cervical stenosis, TOS, upper cross syndrome
31
what is multifactorial disease risk factor
Risk factors: lack of physical activity, duration of daily computer use, perceived stress, lack of social support and being female 2x risk of neck/back pain with people with mental disorders compared to people without mental disorders
32
Subjective History for cervical spine
- age -radicular symptom - weaknes, numbness, burning, tingling - headache/pain partern - dizziness, faitness, seizure - sympathetic symptom - mouth breather - sleeping position - cognitive or behavioural change - glasse/contact
33
type of cervical fracture
Jefferson fracture (burst fracture), hangman fracture, flexion/extension tear drop fracture, clay shoveler fracture
34
MOI of extension tear drop fracture and what happen
hyperextension Displaced anterolateral aspect of body Avulsion of ALL
35
MOI of flexion tear drop fracture and what happen
hyperflexion fracture of anterior vertebral body
36
what is clay shoveler fracture. + Moi
fracture of SP C6-T1, hyperextension
37
ROM deficit with DDD
extension, SB and rotation
38
different cause of spinal stenosis
Bone growth Disc herniation Inflammation
39
torticolis acute cause
Sleeping awkward, neck muscle, injury that causes heavy scarring, neck muscle spasm Secondary to slipped facets, herniated disc, infection
40
what is upper cross syndrome
tight upper trap + levator scap + pec inhibited rhomboid + serratus anterior + neck flexor
41
what are the clinical criteria for diagnosis of cervicogenic headache
42
neck extensor endurance test positive
Loss of chin tuck=dominance of superficial extensor muscles Neck flexion=weakness of deep and superficial extensors
43
Special Tests- For Neurological Symptoms
ULTT Brachial plexus traction test Tinel’s@ brachial plexus Shoulder depression test Shoulder abduction test Spurling’s test (Foraminal Compression) Distraction test
44
which test is the best to use for cervical radiculopathy
foramina compression (spuling test)
45
+ve of foraminal compression test
Positive: pain radiates into arm toward side in which the head is side flexed Pain without radiating pain into arm is NOT A POSITIVE
46
when do you do foramina compression test
Performed if patient is complaining of nerve root symptoms At time of test should be diminished or absent Provoke symptoms
47
when do you do distraction test and +ve
Patients who complain of radicular symptoms in history and show radicular signs during examination +ve: pain is relieved or decrease
48
ULTT 1 test which nerve
median nerve, anterior interosseous nerve, C5-C6-C7
49
ULTT 2 test what
median nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, axillary nerve
50
ULTT 3 test which nerve
radial
51
ultt 4 test what
ulnar nerve, C8-T1 nerve roots
52
which test would you use to rule in cervicalradiculopathy
the Spurling’s test, traction/neck distraction, and Valsalva’s manoeuvre
53
which test would you use to rule out cervical radiculopathy
ULTT
54
brachial plexus tension test is a modification of which test
ULTT 4
55
shoulder depression test evaluate what + +ve
brachial plexus tension, Positive: pain increases compressed or distracted side Osteophytes? Adhesions around dural sheaths, hypomobility of joint capsule
56
what shoulder abduction test indicate
radicular symptom especially C4 or C5 nerve root,Cervical extradural compression (herniated disc), nerve root compression
57
vascular clearing test
Vertebral Artery test Dizziness Test Hautant’s test (pronator drift)
58
how to differentiated dizziness
Vascular- check BP Vestibular- head and neck movement Cervicogenic-AROM, lig test etc
59
when should vascular clearing test should be done
before doing PROM
60
+ve finding with vertebral artery quadrant test
Positive: provokes referred symptoms (if opposite artery affected) Dizziness, nystagmus (eyes jumping, twitching), light-headedness, visual disturbances, artery is being compressed
61
if dizziness test produce symptom only with head movement what does it means
inner ear problem
62
if dizziness test is positive with both head and shoulder movement what does it indicate
vertebral artery dysfunction
63
pronator drift test help to differentiate what
Help to differentiate between dizziness caused by articular problem vs vascular problems
64
in which case pronator drift test indicate a vascular problem or doesnt indicate a vascular problem
If arm moves= non vascular Pt then rotates, or extend and rotates the neck, and maintain position with eyes closed again Wavering of arms=dysfunction caused by vascular impairment
65
positive sharp-purser test
Positive: examiner feels the head slide backward during movement Reduction of atlas, may feel “clunk” -> transverse ligament of atlas on axis
66
which test do you completed if sharp-purse is negative
Aspinall's tranverse ligament
67
positive test with Aspinall tranverse ligament
Positive: lump in throat as atlas moves toward esophagus
68
positive rotational alar ligament stress test
If more than 20-30° of rotation is possible without moving C2 =positive for injury to contralateral alar ligament -> can be do with SB also

CATA 437 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions