Cervical Spine Flashcards
(34 cards)
List 3 Non - Acute Clinical Indication
Any of the three:
Congenital Abnormality
Post surgery
Foreign Body
Pain/Discomfort
Stiffness
Sensory Loss
Loss of movement
Degeneration
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
List 3 Acute Clinical Indications
Any of the three:
Torticollis
Trauma
Road Traffic Incident
Sport Injury
Alleged Assault
What are the patient pathways for ED Patients?
Trauma and Acute
What are the patient pathways for Inpatients and GP referred?
Degeneration/Chronic Conditions
What are the patient pathways for Outpatients?
Orthopedics, Neurology, Rheumatology and Oncology
List the Key Points of Preparing a Patient
- Checking of request (date, clinical indications, signature)
- Preparation of Examination Room
-Introduction of self (if appropriate) - Correct Patient (ID check)
-Explanation of examination - Check for previous (may not require examination)
- Pregnancy check
- Change patient into gown if necessary
- Removal of any artefact
Label the lateral aspect of the cervical spine
Check PPT if correct
What are position key points for lateral cervical spine?
- Patient standing/seated
- Encouraged to relax shoulders
- Mandibular angles clear of spine
- Suspended breathing
- Patient must not swallow during exposure (soft tissue signs)
What is the centre point for Lateral Projection?
Level of C4 - 2.5 cm below the mandibular angle
Mid-coronal plane
What is the distance for L=lateral projection?
180cm FFD
What do you need to collimate for lateral projection?
To include top of ear superiorly and include soft tissues of neck anteriorly
Area of Interest for Lateral projection?
- C1 to T1 (upper border)
- Soft Tissues anteriorly
How do you know the cervical spine is unrotated?
The posterior vertebral bodies are superimposed and the disc spaces appear open.
How do you know the image has been exposed correctly?
The bony outlines are well - defined, trabecular pattern is present and air filled trachea can be visualised.
Exposure Guide?
65 - 75 kVp/ 8-12 mAs
What are the key points for lateral projection for foreign body?
- Same as standard lateral, but include entire nasopharynx and oropharynx.
- Raise the chin and collimate to avoid exposing eyes.
State artefacts that may disrupt a lateral image?
Spectacles
Hearing Aids
Clothing:
- Zips
- Buttons
- Toggles
- Bra Straps
Label the Anatomy for the AP projection?
Check ppt for answer
Positioning key points for AP C3 - 7 projection?
- Patient lying or standing/seated
- Encouraged to relax
- Ensure patient is not rotated
Centre point for AP C3-7?
- Midline at level of C4
- Cranially angled beamof 15 degrees - can be adjusted depending on the amount of lordosis within the neck
Distance for AP C3 -7?
100 cm FFD
Collimation key points for AP C3 -7 ?
- Include soft tissues laterally
- To include minimum of C7/T1 inferiorly
- C2/C3 superiorly
Area of Interest for AP C3-7?
- C2 - T1
- Lateral Soft Tissues
- In-vertebral Disc Spaces
How to know the cervical spine for AP projection is unrotated?
- Spinous processes seen in midline
- Mandible angles equidistant from spine
