Cervical spine Flashcards
(49 cards)
What jobs does the c-spine do?
- Position of head for vision and balance
- Needed for rapid motion
- Protects “vital tubes”
- Use of sensory organs
Which bones are in the upper cervical spine? Lower?
Upper: occiput, atlas, axis
Lower: C3-7
What is the annual incidence of c-spine pain?
10-20%
T/F: Chronic neck pain is the 2nd most common cause of disability
F: Chronic neck pain is the 4th most common cause of disability, 21st in burden of disability
T/F: Cervical pain is more common in women than men
True
T/F: Cervical pain peaks at age 70y +
F: Peak at 35-49y
List some risk factors for neck pain
Cycling, smoking, hx of neck pain, depression, job strain, low social support, heavy labor workers, desk workers, sedentary work, repetitive work, work with neck flexed, work with arms above shoulder height
T/F: Most cases of neck pain have a specific pathoanatomic cause
False
List non-MSK causes of neck pain
infection, tumor, cardiac, endocrine, GI, neuro, pulmonary, systemic disease
What would you ask when taking a c-spine pain history?
Demographics, employment/ work, current condition, medical care, functional status, social history, medical hx, family hx, onset, trauma?
C-Spine exam
Neuro sx, b/b, weight loss/ night pain/ fever, dizziness/ fainting, HA, TMJ, facial pain, pulmonary sx, effect of cough/ sneeze on pain, cardiac sx, sleeping, posture, litigation
List the score categories for the NDI
0-4 No disability 5-14 Mild 15-24 Mod 25-34 Severe 35+ Complete *Multiply score by 2 to get %*
How is the NDI performed?
Self-reported questionnaire
What is the FABQ and how is it scored?
It is a self-reported questionnaire that measures fear avoidance beliefs for PA (5 items) and work (11 items). Ea item is scored from 0-6. Higher score means higher fear.
What are the signs of radiculopathy due to neurological impingement?
Nerve root impingement: sensory/ motor changes
What are the signs of myelopathy due to neurological impingement?
Spinal cord impingement: UMN signs/ sx (weakness, spasticity, + Babinski, increased DTRs, clumsy, abnormal gait)
Which nerve rootsinnervate the phrenic nerve to the diaphragm?
C3-4-5
Neck sx of tracheobronchial conditions?
inflammation, infection, tumor
Sx that may be referred to neck:
Pain, dyspnea (labored breathing), dysphasia (difficulty swallowing), persistent cough, fever/ chills, hemoptysis
What are sx of cervical tumors?
Neck pain, sore throat, dysphagia, growing mass, UMN signs (if spinal cord involvement)
What is a pancoasts tumor and what are the sx?
Lung cancer in upper lobe that invades brachial plexus; extra pulmonary sx: shoulder pain, cough, chest pain
List two types of infection in the c-spine
Osteomyelitis (neck pain, stiffness, fever; discitis (neck pain, stiffness, fever, disc space narrowing, myelo- or radicular signs in later stages
What are 3 CV conditions that can refer to the neck?
Acute myocardial infarction, acute coronary insufficiency, carotodynia
1 GI condition that can refer to neck and its sx:
Esophageal conditions (infection, tumor, varices); dysphagia, ant neck pain
